四、词语运用。（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
根据句意及所给中文提示、首字母或英文释义，写出句中所缺单词，每空限填一词。
1. Eating too much junk food has a bad
effect
（影响）on our health.
2. He set the plate
upon
（在……上）the table just now.
3. The water is
frozen
（结冰的）in winter, and children like skating on it.
4. I heard the strong wind
blowing
（吹）when I woke up in the middle of the night.
5. (2025·江苏宿迁·调研)We need to
divide
（分开）the cake into six equal pieces for everyone at the party.
6. Parents are all busy o
ordering
teaching materials for their children online.
7. The lowest temperature in Yangzhou is zero d
degree
today.
8. When we climbed to the top of the mountain, we could see the s
shining
city lights far away.
9. (2025·江苏宿迁·调研)I didn't get to school on time yesterday because of the
thick
（not thin, heavy）fog.
10. Keeping a
positive
（looking on the bright side）attitude helps me solve problems faster and enjoy every school day.
解析：
【分析】本题为词语运用题，需根据句子语境、中文提示、首字母或英文释义，结合单词的固定搭配、形式变化（如非谓语动词、形容词形式等），准确填写符合句意的单词。解题时先通读句子理解语境，再匹配提示，回忆相关单词及用法，确定正确拼写和形式。
【解析】1. 考查固定搭配，have a bad effect on为固定短语，意为“对……有坏影响”，故填effect；2. 表示“在……上”，此处用介词upon，故填upon；3. 此处需形容词修饰water，frozen意为“结冰的”，符合语境，故填frozen；4. 考查固定结构hear sth doing sth（听见某物正在做某事），此处表示听见风正在吹，故填blowing；5. need to do sth（需要做某事），“分开”对应动词divide，故填divide；6. 考查固定搭配be busy doing sth（忙于做某事），结合首字母o，“订购”对应order的动名词形式ordering，故填ordering；7. 表示温度单位，“度”对应名词degree，zero degree意为“零度”，故填degree；8. 此处需形容词修饰city lights，结合语境“远处闪亮的城市灯光”，对应shining，故填shining；9. 英文释义为“not thin, heavy”，对应形容词thick（厚的、浓的），thick fog意为“浓雾”，故填thick；10. 英文释义为“looking on the bright side”（乐观的），对应形容词positive，故填positive。
【答案】1. effect 2. upon 3. frozen 4. blowing 5. divide 6. ordering 7. degree 8. shining 9. thick 10. positive
【知识点】词语运用、固定搭配、动词形式变化
【点评】本题考查基础英语词语运用，涵盖固定搭配、动词非谓语、形容词词义等考点，侧重考查学生对核心词汇的掌握及语境运用能力，是英语学习的基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8
