2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语上册译林版宿迁专版第130页解析答案

四、根据课文改编内容,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
An ecosystem includes all the living and non-living things in an area. Each ecosystem has a role

to play

(play) and helps keep the balance between all its members and the greater environment. The ocean is a very large ecosystem

earth. It covers around 71% of the earth's surface and

produces

(produce) about 70% of the earth's oxygen. It holds lots of salt water, and the water

rises

(rise) to the sky, falls onto the land and then returns to the ocean. Wetlands only cover about 6% of the

earth's

(earth) land area. They are home to many plants and animals. Plants help get rid of

pollution

(pollute) and make the water clean. Forests make up nearly a

third

(three) of the earth's land area. Plants there take in carbon dioxide from the air and produce oxygen. People call forests

the

"lungs" of the earth. Each of these ecosystems supports lots of plants

and

animals. They keep the planet

healthy

(health) and make our world a better place.
1.

10.

答案：1. to play 2. on 3. produces 4. rises 5. earth's 6. pollution 7. third 8. the 9. and 10. healthy

解析：

【分析】
本题为英语语法填空题，需结合句子语境、固定搭配、语法规则（如非谓语、时态、词性变化等）逐个分析空格。先通读全文理解生态系统的相关内容，再针对每个空格：1.考查固定搭配；2.考查介词用法；3.考查动词时态；4.考查并列谓语；5.考查名词所有格；6.考查词性转换；7.考查数词用法；8.考查冠词用法；9.考查连词用法；10.考查形容词用法，最终确定每个空的正确形式。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配have a role to do sth表示“有做某事的作用”，故填to play；
2. 表示“在地球上”用介词on，故填on；
3. 主语it指代the ocean，是第三人称单数，句子为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填produces；
4. 此处与falls、returns为并列谓语，主语the water是第三人称单数，时态为一般现在时，故填rises；
5. 修饰名词短语land area需用名词所有格，earth的所有格为earth's，故填earth's；
6. get rid of后接名词作宾语，pollute的名词形式为pollution，故填pollution；
7. 表达分数“三分之一”用a third，故填third；
8. 此处特指“地球的肺”，需用定冠词the，故填the；
9. 连接并列的名词plants和animals，用连词and，故填and；
10. keep sth + 形容词表示“使某物保持某种状态”，health的形容词形式为healthy，故填healthy。
【答案】
1. to play 2. on 3. produces 4. rises 5. earth's 6. pollution 7. third 8. the 9. and 10. healthy
【知识点】
非谓语动词、动词时态、词性转换
【点评】
本题围绕生态系统的课文内容，考查基础英语语法知识，涵盖固定搭配、介词、时态、词性变化等，难度适中，需学生掌握常见语法规则和固定表达。
【难度系数】
0.6

五、完形填空。(2025·江苏徐州·调研)
On a cold day, I sat in my car and watched the sea.

, I saw some beached dolphins. It was very

for them to be out of water. I knew they needed help.

thinking too much, I jumped out of my car and ran to the beach. I first called the police

they were far away. It was a life-or-death moment for the dolphins. I didn't know

to help them, so I posted a message on the internet. I hoped someone could see it and come to

those lovely animals.
Minutes later, three teenagers from a nearby school came first. It was like light that drove the darkness away. Then more and more people

. We decided to save the smaller dolphins first and worked together to move them back to the

water successfully.
To my surprise,

the smaller dolphins were saved, no one of them swam away. They stayed in the water and made strange sounds to help the other dolphins. After we

the rescue work, all the dolphins raised their heads from water and swam around to show their

to us. Then, they swam back to the deep sea.
It touched me a lot and made my heart

. The dolphins had a sense of helping each other when there was

. I realized that our volunteer group was just like the dolphins. On such a cold day,

cared about getting wet or dirty. We tried our best to save the dolphins and made sure everyone was safe. People can

our friends—animals. I will never forget this experience.
(

)1. A. Suddenly B. Luckily C. Happily D. Excitedly
(

)2. A. amazing B. important C. dangerous D. necessary
(

)3. A. With B. Without C. By D. On
(

)4. A. and B. but C. so D. because
(

)5. A. where B. which C. how D. when
(

)6. A. save B. watch C. enjoy D. find
(

)7. A. changed B. moved C. left D. arrived
(

)8. A. dirtier B. quieter C. cleaner D. deeper
(

)9. A. before B. whenever C. after D. until
(

)10. A. finished B. started C. closed D. tried
(

)11. A. fins B. thanks C. fears D. worries
(

)12. A. broken B. cold C. hurt D. warm
(

)13. A. change B. direction C. trouble D. interest
(

)14. A. anybody B. nobody C. somebody D. everybody
(

)15. A. learn from B. live on C. disagree with D. worry about

答案：1. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,此处描述一个意外的发现,强调动作发生的突发性。故选A。
2. C 【点拨】根据“I knew they needed help.”以及常识可知,海豚搁浅脱离水环境会危及生命,这是极其危险的。故选C。
3. B 【点拨】without thinking不假思索地,描述作者没有任何犹豫就立即行动。故选B。
4. B 【点拨】根据语境可知,前后句发生了转折。故选B。
5. C 【点拨】动词“know”后缺少方式状语,询问帮助的方法。故选C。
6. A 【点拨】根据文章内容可知,全文核心事件是救援搁浅海豚,且前文强调“它们需要帮助”,因此“拯救”是直接目的。故选A。
7. D 【点拨】根据语境可知,越来越多的人“到达”这里,参与救援。故选D。
8. D 【点拨】根据常识及救援目标可知,将搁浅海豚移回“深水”才能确保其安全。故选D。
9. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,在小海豚获救后,它们中没有一只游走,它们留下来去帮助其他的海豚。故选C。
10. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,在我们完成救援任务后,所有的海豚向我们表达谢意。故选A。
11. B 【点拨】根据常理可判断,海豚被救后可能以某种方式表达“感谢”。故选B。
12. D 【点拨】根据上文可知,作者被海豚的行为深深触动,心里会产生“温暖”的感觉。故选D。
13. C 【点拨】根据“had a sense of helping each other”可知,海豚在陷入困境时有互相帮助的意识。故选C。
14. B 【点拨】根据“We tried our best to save the dolphins and made sure everyone was safe.”可知,每个人都在尽力去帮助海豚,没有人会在意自己会不会弄湿或弄脏。故选B。
15. A 【点拨】根据语境可知,作者从海豚身上学习到遇到问题,大家要相互帮助的道理。故选A。

解析：

【分析】做完形填空需先通读全文把握主旨（本文为作者救援搁浅海豚的经历），再逐空结合语境、词汇用法、常识及上下文逻辑关系分析：每空需联系前后文提示，判断逻辑（转折、因果等），辨析词汇含义，最终确定符合文意的选项。
【解析】1. 选A：根据语境，此处描述意外发现搁浅海豚，suddenly（突然）符合动作突发性；2. 选C：海豚脱离水环境会危及生命，dangerous（危险的）符合常识；3. 选B：without thinking是固定搭配，意为“不假思索”，体现作者立即行动；4. 选B：前后句为转折关系，but（但是）符合逻辑；5. 选C：此处询问帮助的方式，how（如何）符合句意；6. 选A：全文核心是救援海豚，save（拯救）符合语境；7. 选D：越来越多人到达现场参与救援，arrived（到达）符合；8. 选D：将海豚移回深水才能确保安全，deeper（更深的）符合常识；9. 选C：小海豚被救后未游走，after（在……之后）符合时间逻辑；10. 选A：完成救援后海豚表达感谢，finished（完成）符合；11. 选B：海豚向人类表达感谢，thanks（感谢）符合常理；12. 选D：作者被触动后内心温暖，warm（温暖的）符合情感；13. 选C：海豚在困境中有互助意识，trouble（困境）符合；14. 选B：救援时没人在意湿脏，nobody（没人）符合语境；15. 选A：作者从海豚身上学习互助，learn from（向……学习）符合主旨。
【答案】1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.A 7.D 8.D 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.A
【知识点】完形填空解题技巧、语境理解、词汇辨析
【点评】本文以救援海豚为主题，传递互助正能量，既考查学生语言知识运用，又考查语境分析能力，是典型的记叙文完形填空题型。
【难度系数】0.6