2026年综合素质随堂反馈八年级英语上册译林版苏州专版第205页解析答案

七、阅读短文，回答问题（10分）
About 2 300 years ago, the area around Chengdu had bad floods every spring. Luckily, the Qin governor（太守）, Li Bing, was a water engineer. The king of Qin provided the money and asked the governor to work out the problem.
The usual way to prevent flooding is to build a dam（大坝）across the river. However, the king had also asked Li Bing to make sure that ships could still sail（航行）in the river, because the king needed to send food to his army（军队）. So Li Bing came up with a plan which still works today!
Helped by his son and the workers, Li Bing built a man-made island（岛）in the middle of the river. This island divided the water into an inner and an outer river. The inner river was deeper than but not as wide as the outer river. It took four years to build the island.
Li Bing also cut a new channel（运河）through Mount Yulei. This channel would take water away to irrigate（灌溉）the farmland below. The rock of the mountain was too hard to cut. Li Bing burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly. This made the rock break into smaller pieces which could be carried away more easily. Cutting the channel took eight years!
After Li Bing's work was finished, there were no more floods, and the Dujiangyan irrigation system made the crops grow better. The river flowed naturally, and because there was no dam, ships and fish could pass freely. Sichuan became the most productive（多产的）area in China, as it still is today. Today, scientists and visitors from all over the world come to look at this wonderful example of engineering. This work and the name of Li Bing live on.
1. What was Li Bing's job?

He was a governor and a water engineer.

2. Why did the king ask Li Bing to make sure that ships could still sail in the river?

Because he needed ships to send food to his army.

3. How did Li Bing break rock into smaller pieces?

He burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly.

4. How long did it take Li Bing to cut a new channel?

Eight years.

5. What kind of person do you think Li Bing was?

He was clever and hard-working.

答案：1. He was a governor and a water engineer.
2. Because he needed ships to send food to his army.
3. He burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly.
4. Eight years.
5. He was clever and hard-working.

解析：

【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，解题思路是：先通读短文把握主旨大意，再针对每个问题，回到原文定位相关语句，提取关键信息，最后整理成符合问题要求的答案；第5题需结合人物事迹进行简单推理。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第一段“the Qin governor, Li Bing, was a water engineer”，提取职业信息，得出答案。
2. 定位原文第二段“because the king needed to send food to his army”，提取原因信息，得出答案。
3. 定位原文第四段“Li Bing burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly”，提取破 rock 的方法，得出答案。
4. 定位原文第四段最后“Cutting the channel took eight years”，提取时间信息，得出答案。
5. 结合 Li Bing 成功设计解决洪水与航运问题的方案、耗时多年完成工程的事迹，推理其品质，得出答案。
【答案】
1. He was a governor and a water engineer.
2. Because he needed ships to send food to his army.
3. He burnt the rock and used water to cool it quickly.
4. Eight years.
5. He was clever and hard-working.
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】
本题以基础细节题为主，搭配1道简单推理题，主要考查学生快速定位原文信息并整合的能力，是英语阅读的常规题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

八、书面表达（30分）
每年的5月12日是全国防灾减灾日。假设你们学校举办了“地震模拟演练”活动，并邀请专家做讲座。请你用英语写一篇90词左右的短文，介绍此次活动，并谈谈你的感受。（所给内容不计入总词数）
On National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, our school held a series of activities.
We had an earthquake drill（演练）.

When the drill began, the teachers told us to calm down first. Then, they asked us to leave the classroom one by one. All the students helped each other on the way. At last, we reached the playground safely.

Our school also invited an expert（专家） to give us a talk about what we should do during an earthquake.

For example, we should keep ourselves away from windows or pictures on the wall. They may fall down and hurt us. We can hide under a strong desk or table to protect ourselves.

I think

these activities are very interesting and useful for us. We can learn a lot of knowledge about earthquakes and how to save ourselves in an earthquake.

答案：On National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, our school held a series of activities.
We had an earthquake drill (演练). When the drill began, the teachers told us to calm down first. Then, they asked us to leave the classroom one by one. All the students helped each other on the way. At last, we reached the playground safely.
Our school also invited an expert (专家) to give us a talk about what we should do during an earthquake. For example, we should keep ourselves away from windows or pictures on the wall. They may fall down and hurt us. We can hide under a strong desk or table to protect ourselves.
I think these activities are very interesting and useful for us. We can learn a lot of knowledge about earthquakes and how to save ourselves in an earthquake.

解析：

【分析】
本题要求用英语介绍学校的地震模拟演练活动及专家讲座，并表达个人感受。写作时需衔接给定开头，分三部分展开：一是描述地震演练的完整过程（听从指挥、有序撤离、互助配合、安全抵达）；二是说明专家讲座的核心自救知识；三是表达对活动的正面感受，确保内容完整、语言通顺、符合词数要求。
【解析】
写作时先补充演练环节：When the drill began, teachers told us to calm down first. Then we left the classroom one by one, helping each other on the way, finally reaching the playground safely. 接着补充专家讲座内容：The expert told us to stay away from windows or falling objects, and hide under strong desks to protect ourselves. 最后补充个人感受：These activities are very useful, we can learn practical self-rescue knowledge for earthquakes. 整合后形成完整短文，语法正确、衔接自然，符合题目要求。
【答案】
On National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day, our school held a series of activities.
We had an earthquake drill (演练). When the drill began, the teachers told us to calm down first. Then, they asked us to leave the classroom one by one. All the students helped each other on the way. At last, we reached the playground safely.
Our school also invited an expert (专家) to give us a talk about what we should do during an earthquake. For example, we should keep ourselves away from windows or pictures on the wall. They may fall down and hurt us. We can hide under a strong desk or table to protect ourselves.
I think these activities are very interesting and useful for us. We can learn a lot of knowledge about earthquakes and how to save ourselves in an earthquake.
【知识点】
英语应用文写作、话题类英语表达、自救知识英语表述
【点评】
本文紧扣题目要求，完整覆盖了活动介绍与感受表达的要点，内容连贯、逻辑清晰，语言符合初中英语水平，是一篇符合要求的书面表达。
【难度系数】
0.6