零五网 全部参考答案 随堂反馈 2026年综合素质随堂反馈八年级英语上册译林版苏州专版 第118页解析答案
一、词汇运用
1. If you walk
north-east
(向东北方) along this road, you'll reach the beach.
2. Reading books is a powerful way to increase your
knowledge
(知识) of different cultures.
3. A healthy diet
includes
(包括) foods from each food group.
4. Here are
around
(大约) 50 students in the library studying for the final exams.
5.
Penguins
(企鹅) are not able to fly, but they can swim quite well.
6. Mum manages a
balanced
(保持平衡的) lifestyle by planning time for work and family.
7. The rabbit hid under the thick bush, using it as the
cover
(躲避处) from the fox.
8. Mr Li once
acted
(扮演) as a king from the 15th century in a historical drama.
答案:1. north-east 2. knowledge 3. includes 4. around 5. Penguins
6. balanced 7. cover 8. acted
解析:
【分析】
本题为根据中文提示完成英文词汇的填空题,解题时需结合句子的语法规则(如名词单复数、动词时态、形容词修饰名词等),准确写出对应英文单词。例如第5题根据be动词are确定主语用复数形式,第3题主语为单数第三人称需用动词三单形式,第8题由once确定用一般过去式等。
【解析】
1. 表示“向东北方”的英文为north-east;
2. “知识”是不可数名词,填knowledge;
3. 主语a healthy diet为单数第三人称,一般现在时谓语动词用includes;
4. “大约”对应英文around;
5. 句中be动词为are,主语需用复数,故填Penguins;
6. 修饰名词lifestyle需用形容词balanced;
7. “躲避处”对应英文cover;
8. 由once可知时态为一般过去时,动词用acted。
【答案】
1. north-east 2. knowledge 3. includes 4. around 5. Penguins 6. balanced 7. cover 8. acted
【知识点】
词汇运用、名词、动词
【点评】
本题考查基础词汇的拼写及在句子中的正确运用,涉及词性、单复数、时态等基础语法,难度较低,适合巩固英语基础词汇。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、从方框中选择适当的单词或短语,在横线上填入其正确形式。每个单词或短语仅用一次
environment great melt in danger lead to
The ice on Antarctica(南极洲)looks the same from day to day. But in fact, scientists know the real fact: The ice is 1.
melting
. And it does harm to all living things on earth. The ocean is warming, and big pieces of ice are breaking away and going into the ocean. This is causing the ocean level(海平面)to rise. Human activities 2.
lead to
these problems.
Human activities 3.
greatly
influence(影响)the climate, including transportation and all types of industries. All these might make the ice melt faster.
Seaside cities, like New York, London and Tokyo, are 4.
in danger
. They may be under water by the end of the 21st century. We need to find suitable ways to solve the 5.
environmental
problems and make changes now to prevent this and protect ourselves.
答案:1. melting 2. lead to 3. greatly 4. in danger 5. environmental
解析:
【分析】
这是一道选词填空题,需结合句子语境、语法规则及单词的形式变化解题。先通读全文理解大意,再逐个分析空格需求:第1空需用现在进行时的动词形式;第2空需符合主谓一致的谓语短语;第3空需副词修饰动词;第4空需表达状态的固定短语;第5空需形容词修饰名词。
【解析】
1. 句子为现在进行时,结构是“be+动词现在分词”,方框中melt的现在分词是melting,故填melting;
2. 主语Human activities是复数,一般现在时谓语用原形,短语lead to意为“导致”,符合语境,故填lead to;
3. 此处需副词修饰动词influence,great的副词形式是greatly,故填greatly;
4. 结合后文“可能被淹没”,固定短语in danger意为“处于危险”,符合语境,故填in danger;
5. 此处需形容词修饰名词problems,environment的形容词形式是environmental,意为“环境的”,故填environmental。
【答案】
1. melting 2. lead to 3. greatly 4. in danger 5. environmental
【知识点】
选词填空;词性转换;固定短语
【点评】
本题考查词汇在语境中的灵活运用,涵盖动词形式变化、词性转换及固定搭配,需结合上下文和语法知识分析,难度适中,适合初中阶段学生练习。
【难度系数】
0.5
B
)1. — I don't think keeping a cat is a good idea. Cats always
a lot of trouble.
— Not really. I think they can bring you much fun.

A.cover
B.cause
C.improve
D.fill
答案:1. B
解析:
【分析】
本题为动词词义辨析题,解题思路如下:1. 先通读对话,理解语境:第一句表达“养猫不是好主意,猫总是______很多麻烦”,第二句反驳称猫能带来乐趣;2. 逐一分析选项动词的含义;3. 结合语境和固定搭配,选出符合句意的选项。
【解析】
对话翻译:——我认为养猫不是个好主意,猫总是造成很多麻烦。——不是的,我觉得它们能给你带来很多乐趣。
选项辨析:A. cover 意为“覆盖”;B. cause 意为“造成,引起”,cause trouble是固定搭配,意为“造成麻烦”;C. improve 意为“改善,提高”;D. fill 意为“装满”。结合语境,此处需表达“造成麻烦”,故选择B。
【答案】
B
【知识点】
动词词义辨析;固定搭配
【点评】
本题结合日常交际语境考查动词词义及固定搭配,属于英语基础题型,侧重考查学生对常用动词的掌握,难度较低。
【难度系数】
0.8
(
A
) 2. We didn't think she could reach the final of the match,
she won the first place.

A.but
B.for
C.or
D.so
答案:2. A
解析:
【分析】首先观察句子前后两部分的逻辑关系:前半句意为“我们原以为她无法进入比赛决赛”,后半句意为“她获得了第一名”,两者存在明显的转折关系,需选择表转折的并列连词。接下来分析各选项连词的含义:A选项but表转折;B选项for表原因;C选项or表选择或假设;D选项so表结果,结合逻辑关系可确定答案。
【解析】本题考查并列连词的用法。解题时先明确前后分句的逻辑:前半句“we didn't think she could reach the final of the match”(否定转移,实际表“我们认为她进不了决赛”)与后半句“she won the first place”为转折关系。逐一分析选项:A. but表转折,符合语境;B. for表原因,不符合;C. or表选择/否则,不符合;D. so表结果,不符合。因此选A。
【答案】A
【知识点】并列连词;转折连词
【点评】本题为基础语法题,考查并列连词的逻辑用法,核心是判断分句间的转折关系,难度较低,适合初中阶段学生掌握。
【难度系数】0.7
D
)3. The sentence structure of “My grandma cooked me a nice meal.” is
.

A.S+V+O
B.S+V+P
C.S+V+O+C
D.S+V+O+O
答案:3. D
解析:
【分析】要判断该句的结构,需先拆分句子成分:第一步确定主语(动作的发出者),本句中“My grandma”是主语;第二步确定谓语(动作),“cooked”是谓语;第三步判断宾语数量,本句有两个宾语,“me”是指人的间接宾语,“a nice meal”是指物的直接宾语,对应双宾语结构的选项。
【解析】先拆分句子成分:主语(S)为“My grandma”,谓语(V)为“cooked”,间接宾语(O)为“me”,直接宾语(O)为“a nice meal”,符合“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”的S+V+O+O结构,对应选项D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语句子结构、五种基本句型
【点评】本题考查英语简单句的五种基本句型,需准确区分双宾语结构,属于基础语法题,需掌握各句型的成分构成。
【难度系数】0.4
(
D
) 4. Hearing that her puppy dog is dead, Linda cried even
.

A.sad
B.sadly
C.sadder
D.more sadly
答案:4. D
解析:
【分析】首先明确空格处需修饰动词"cried",因此要选用副词,排除形容词选项;其次"even"是比较级的标志词,需使用副词的比较级形式,据此逐一排除错误选项即可。
【解析】1. 确定修饰词的词性:空格处修饰动词"cried",需用副词,排除形容词A(sad);2. 结合比较级标志词:"even"后接比较级,B(sadly)是副词原级,不符合;C(sadder)是形容词比较级,不能修饰动词,排除;D(more sadly)是副词sadly的比较级,符合要求,故选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】副词用法、副词比较级
【点评】本题考查副词比较级的基础用法,需掌握修饰动词用副词、even后接比较级的规则,属于初中英语基础考点。
【难度系数】0.6
(
B
) 5. — What can we do to
the illness from spreading?
— Try not to hang out here and there and just stay at home.

A.support
B.prevent
C.reduce
D.hide
答案:5. B
解析:
【分析】这是一道动词词义辨析题,需结合问句语境判断合适的动词。问句询问“我们能做什么来______疾病传播”,答语提到“尽量不外出、待在家里”,这是阻止疾病传播的做法,因此要选表示“阻止”含义的动词。
【解析】逐一分析选项:A选项support意为“支持”,不符合语境;B选项prevent意为“阻止,预防”,“prevent sth from doing”是固定搭配,意为“阻止某物做某事”,符合语境;C选项reduce意为“减少”,侧重数量减少,不符合“阻止传播”的语义;D选项hide意为“隐藏”,与语境无关。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词的词义辨析,结合日常语境即可选出正确答案,属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.6
C
)6. In Western countries, women often keep their ages to themselves.
, you'd better not ask private(私人的)questions like this.

A.However
B.Instead
C.Therefore
D.Moreover
答案:6. C
解析:
【分析】本题考查副词词义辨析及句子逻辑关系。首先需明确前后句的逻辑:前句“在西方国家,女性常对自己的年龄保密”是原因,后句“你最好不要问这类私人问题”是结果,需选择表因果结果的副词。再逐一分析选项含义,匹配逻辑即可得出答案。
【解析】首先判断句子逻辑:前句陈述事实,后句给出对应建议,二者为因果关系。选项A however表转折,不符合;B instead表替代,不符合;C therefore意为“因此,所以”,表因果结果,契合语境;D moreover表递进,不符合。因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】副词词义辨析;句子逻辑关系
【点评】本题为英语基础题型,侧重考查副词在语境中的逻辑运用,需先理清句间关系,再结合副词含义选择,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3
D
)7. Our neighbourhood decides to
the old facilities to make space for a square.

A.take care of
B.put up with
C.look forward to
D.get rid of
答案:7. D
解析:
【分析】首先明确句子语境:社区要为广场腾出空间,需要对旧设施进行处理,因此需选择表示“去掉、处理”含义的短语;再逐一辨析各选项短语的词义,匹配语境即可得出答案。
【解析】先分析各选项短语含义:A选项take care of意为“照顾、照料”;B选项put up with意为“忍受、容忍”;C选项look forward to意为“期待、盼望”;D选项get rid of意为“摆脱、去掉、处理掉”。结合句子“为广场腾空间”的语境,需要处理旧设施,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】动词短语辨析
【点评】本题考查常用动词短语的词义辨析,需结合句子语境选择合适的短语,属于基础词汇考查题。
【难度系数】0.7
四、信息还原
How do farmers usually kill weeds(杂草)in the fields? Many of them use chemicals(化学品)to kill weeds. The trouble is, these weedkillers also kill wildlife, pollute rivers and are bad for the fields. 1.
D
This kind of robot can cut weedkiller use by 90%. The robot is really smart because it only kills weeds but not crops.
2.
A

Several cameras are built into the robot. The cameras facing the ground take photos to help the robot "see" the plants it passes. The robot compares(对比)each photo to a library of plant photos to decide which plants are weeds. Robot arms move to give a small dose(剂量)of weedkiller to the weeds. The robot is energy-friendly. 3.
C

How the robot will develop
The scientists think that the robot they have made isn't perfect. 4.
F
The improved model of robots will find weeds and dig(挖)them out instead of using weedkillers.
5.
E
They could be designed to leave some harmless weeds in the fields to support wildlife living there.
A. How the robot works
B. Where the robot is used
C. It is powered by the energy from the sun.
D. But scientists have created a farmyard robot.
E. Moreover, new robots will help create a more balanced ecosystem.
F. They're working on the new designs to improve the model.
G. We are very happy that people are paying attention to the ecosystem.
答案:1-5 DACFE
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语信息还原题,需结合上下文逻辑关系匹配句子。首先通读全文,第一段提出传统除草剂的弊端,1处需转折引出解决问题的新事物;第二段详细介绍机器人的工作流程,2处需引出工作原理的相关内容;第三段提到机器人的能源友好特性,3处需补充能源相关信息;第四段指出现有机器人不完美,4处需说明科学家的改进工作;第五段提到对野生动物的作用,5处需递进说明对生态的影响,据此逐一匹配选项。
【解析】
1. 前文阐述传统除草剂的危害,后文提到“这种机器人”,故1处选D(转折引出科学家发明的农场机器人);
2. 后文详细说明机器人的工作流程(摄像头识别、对比照片、喷除草剂),故2处选A(提问机器人如何工作);
3. 前文提到机器人“energy-friendly(能源友好)”,故3处选C(说明其能源来自太阳能);
4. 前文指出机器人“isn't perfect(不完美)”,后文提到“improved model(改进模型)”,故4处选F(说明科学家在改进设计);
5. 后文提到“leave some harmless weeds to support wildlife(留无害杂草支持野生动物)”,故5处选E(递进说明新机器人帮助平衡生态)。
【答案】
DACFE
【知识点】
英语信息还原、篇章逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题考查英语篇章的逻辑衔接能力,需结合上下文语境、句子间的转折、解释、递进等关系匹配内容,是初中英语常见题型,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
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