① In English, the given names come first and the family names come last. Family names are also called last names. Westerners(西方人) get their family names in different ways.
② Some family names such as Smith, Cook and Taylor are about a person's job. For example, John Smith, here "Smith" means the name of a job as well as Miller and Fisher.
③ Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.
④ Some family names are from colours. For example, the family name Black means "the black colour" and White means "the white colour". Larry Brown, a famous basketball player in America, also gets his family name from colours.
⑤ Other family names are from the name of a parent. For example, "David's son" becomes Davidson, and "Peter's son" becomes Peterson.
⑥ The last names are really interesting, right? What does your last name mean? Let's find more on the Internet.
任务一 选择正确答案
1. What is the family name "Smith" about in the passage?
A. A place name.
B. A colour.
C. A job.
D. A name of a parent.
2. Where might Leonardo da Vinci's family live a long time ago(以前) according to(根据) his name?
A. In New York.
B. In Sydney.
C. In Paris.
D. In Vinci.
3. How many sources(来源) do Westerners get family names from according to the passage?
A. Three.
B. Four.
C. Five.
D. Two.
4. What's the structure of the passage?
A.
B.
C. D.
任务二 回答问题
1. What do "Cook" and "Taylor" tell about ancestors?
Their jobs.
2. Where did Bush's ancestors live?
Near bushes.
3. How do some get family names from colours?
From colour words.
4. What does "Davidson" mean?
David's son.
5. Should everyone have a family name? Why?
(请自拟一句话作答)
Yes. It shows family history.（言之有理即可）
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解题，分为任务一（选择题）和任务二（简答题）。解题思路如下：
1. 任务一选择题：需根据题干关键词定位原文对应段落，查找关键信息作答：
第1题关键词“Smith”，定位第二段，找到其关于工作的描述确定答案；
第2题关键词“Leonardo da Vinci”，定位第三段，结合“姓氏来自居住地”的描述推断其姓氏来源的地方；
第3题逐段梳理文中提到的姓氏来源类型，统计数量确定答案；
第4题分析文章结构：第一段引入话题，2-5段分述四种姓氏来源，第六段总结，对应总-分-总结构匹配选项。
2. 任务二简答题：根据问题关键词定位原文，提取对应信息作答，最后一题结合文章内容给出合理表述即可。
【解析】
任务一：
1. 根据原文第二段“Some family names such as Smith, Cook and Taylor are about a person's job.”可知，Smith是关于工作的姓氏，故选C。
2. 根据原文第三段“Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush, Cliff and Lake. So does the famous painter Leonardo da Vinci.”可知，Leonardo da Vinci的姓氏来自居住地，Vinci是其祖先居住的地方，故选D。
3. 文中提到的姓氏来源有：工作（第二段）、居住地（第三段）、颜色（第四段）、父母名字（第五段），共4种，故选B。
4. 文章结构：第一段总述西方姓氏来源的话题，第二段至第五段分别介绍四种姓氏来源，第六段总结，为总-分-总结构，对应选项A的结构，故选A。
任务二：
1. 根据原文第二段“Some family names such as Smith, Cook and Taylor are about a person's job.”可知，Cook和Taylor的姓氏与祖先的工作有关，故答Their jobs.
2. 根据原文第三段“Some Westerners get their family names from their living places such as Bush...”可知，Bush的祖先住在灌木丛附近，故答Near bushes.
3. 根据原文第四段“Some family names are from colours.”可知，姓氏来自颜色词汇，故答From colour words.
4. 根据原文第五段“'David's son' becomes Davidson”可知，Davidson意为“David的儿子”，故答David's son.
5. 结合文章内容，姓氏能反映家族历史，故答Yes. It shows family history.（言之有理即可）
【答案】
任务一：1.C 2.D 3.B 4.A；任务二：1.Their jobs. 2.Near bushes. 3.From colour words. 4.David's son. 5.Yes. It shows family history.（言之有理即可）
【知识点】
英语阅读理解、细节理解、推理判断
【点评】
本题围绕西方姓氏来源展开，考查学生的英语阅读理解能力，包括细节查找、推理判断和篇章结构分析，需学生精准定位原文信息，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.5
