三、阅读理解(16 分)
A
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HOW TO STAY SAFE IN WATER
What’s better than fun in the water?
Before you dive in, make sure you’re practising water safety!
DROWNING (溺水)
Recorded as about 10 DEATHS (死亡) per day
1/3 of accidental infant and toddler (婴幼儿) deaths are connected with drowning.
▲
●The swimmer is facing the shore (岸).
●The mouth is at water level (水平面).
●The head is leaning (倾斜) back.
●The arms go round and round widely.
●The swimmer is moving back in the strong waves.
IF YOU SEE SOMEONE Drowning:
●Get a lifeguard (救生员) first.
●Call 119 or another emergency service.
●Throw something for the person to hold.
●Check for breathing after the person is pulled out of water.
●Perform CPR (心肺复苏术).
STAY SAFE!
Follow our Water Safety Tips:
1. Wear a lifejacket (救生衣).
2. Only in the approved (批准的) areas.
3. Know your limits (极限).
4. Watch for small children.
() 1. Which of the following might be the heading (小标题) for “ ▲ ”?
A. Signs of Drowning.
B. Dos and Don’ts in the Water.
C. Danger of the Water.
D. Ways to Call for Help.
() 2. Why does the writer mention (提及) “1/3”?
A. To teach safety tips.
B. To show teenagers’ death.
C. To show the great danger.
D. To show how the tips help.
() 3. What should Jack do if he sees a drowning boy in the sea according to the text?
A. Jump into the sea to save him at once.
B. Swim as far as possible to safe areas.
C. Call his parents for help.
D. Give him something to hold.
() 4. What type of text is this?
A. A swimming guide.
B. An advertisement of lifejackets.
C. Swimming pool instructions.
D. A poster about water safety.

B
Big snowstorms and cold air swept across Northern China in the first week of November. At the same time, a global (全球的) meeting on climate change was held in Glasgow, Scotland. There, leaders from around the world tried to deal with global warming.
Why are we having such a cold winter on a warming planet? In fact, the cold winter and global warming are not contradictory. Global warming does not happen evenly (均衡地) on earth, and it leads to more extreme (极端的) heat and cold.
Because of the warming climate, China has seen a growing temperature in winter. It has risen by 0.41℃ every 10 years since 1961. But in some cases, the country has also seen extreme cold—for example, the icy weather in early 2008.
Global warming has changed the earth’s air circulation (循环), affecting the local weather through sea-air or land-air interaction (相互作用). For example, in October, La Nina affected China. It was caused by strong winds above the Pacific Ocean. It brought more cold air to China. Another reason for the cold weather is the warming Arctic, according to BBC. It is warming almost three times as fast as any other place on earth. The polar vortex (极地涡旋)—a rotating (旋转的) pool of cold air—becomes active as the temperature rises there. So lots of cold Arctic air then goes southward.
Will this winter be much colder? The official forecast (预报) said a cold winter is possible. Northern China may see more snow than usual, and Southern China, less rainfall than usual.
() 5. What does the underlined sentence mean?
A. We may have winter under global warming.
B. Global warming doesn’t happen in cold winter.
C. The cold winter leads to global warming.
D. The cold winter has nothing to do with global warming.
() 6. The icy weather in early 2008 may show that global warming ____.
A. doesn’t happen everywhere
B. is not as serious as we thought
C. can cause more heat and rain
D. can also lead to more cold
() 7. When La Nina happened, China ____.
A. had a rise in temperature
B. went through extreme floods
C. was much colder than usual
D. had a hotter summer than usual
() 8. The cold weather in October in China was affected by cold air from ____.

A. ab
B. ac
C. bc
D. bd