解:
(1) $\because$ 在矩形$CEFD$中,$CD // EF,$
$\therefore ∠ CD'E = ∠ DCD' = α。$
取$CD'$的中点$H,$连接$EH。$
$\because$ 在矩形$CEFD$中,$∠ DCE = ∠ FEC=90°,$
$\therefore EH=CH=\frac{1}{2}CD'=1。$
$\because CE=1,$
$\therefore CE=EH=CH=1,$
$\therefore △ CEH$为等边三角形,
$\therefore ∠ D'CE=60°,$
$\therefore α=90° - 60°=30°。$
(2) 证明:由旋转的性质得$CD'=CD,$$CE'=CE=1。$
$\because G$为$BC$的中点,
$\therefore CG=BG=\frac{1}{2}BC=1,$
$\therefore CG=CE'。$
$\because$ 在正方形$ABCD$中,$∠ DCG=90°,$在矩形$CE'F'D'$中,$∠ D'CE'=90°,$
$\therefore ∠ D'CG = ∠ DCG + ∠ DCD' = 90° + α,$$∠ DCE' = ∠ D'CE' + ∠ DCD' = 90° + α,$
$\therefore ∠ D'CG = ∠ DCE'。$
又$\because CD'=CD,$
$\therefore △ GCD' ≌ △ E'CD,$
$\therefore GD' = E'D。$
(3) 能,旋转角$α$的度数为$135°$或$315°。$