解:(1)其余6个数由小到大依次为$x - 8,$$x - 6,$$x - 1,$$x + 1,$$x + 6,$$x + 8。$
(2)能。设中间数为$x,$则7个数之和为$(x - 8) + (x - 6) + (x - 1) + x + (x + 1) + (x + 6) + (x + 8) = 7x。$令$7x = 161,$解得$x = 23。$则这7个数分别为$23 - 8 = 15,$$23 - 6 = 17,$$23 - 1 = 22,$$23,$$23 + 1 = 24,$$23 + 6 = 29,$$23 + 8 = 31。$经检验,这些数均在八月份日历中。答:这7个数由小到大依次为15,17,22,23,24,29,31。