$解:如图,过点C作CE⊥x轴于点E,$
$∵菱形ABCD的顶点A、B在x轴上,$
$AB=2,A(1,0),∠DAB=60°,\ $
$∴AB=AD=CD=CB=2,AD//CB,$
$∴∠CBE=∠DAB=60°.\ $
$在Rt△CBE中,$
$∵ ∠BCE=30°,$
$∴BE=\frac{1}{2} CB=1,$
$CE=\sqrt{2²-1²}=\sqrt{3}\ $
$将菱形ABCD绕点A旋转90°存在两种情况:\ $
$①当菱形ABCD绕点A沿顺时针方向旋转90°后,$
$得菱形AB_1C_1D_1,$
$∴∠BAB_1=90°,$
$∴AB_1⊥x轴,\ $
$∴C_1D_1⊥x轴,延长C_1D_1交x轴于点F,同理可得D_1 F=1,AF=\sqrt{3},$
$∴OF=1+\sqrt{3},C_1F=1+2=3,$
$即点C_1的坐标为(1+ \sqrt{3},-3).\ $
$②当菱形ABCD绕点A沿逆时针方向旋转90°后,$
$得菱形AB´_1C´_1D´_1 .\ $
$延长C´_1D´_1交x轴于点G,$
$同理可得D´_1G=1,AG=\sqrt{3},\ $
$∴OG=\sqrt{3}-1,C´_1G=1+2=3,$
$即点C´_1的坐标为(1-\sqrt{3},3)$
$综上所述,点C_1的坐标为(1+\sqrt{3},-3)或(1-\sqrt{3},3).\ $