2026年全品学练考八年级英语上册译林版第74页解析答案

(

)18. Although Jim failed

to catch

the early bus, he managed

to arrive

on time.

A.catching; arriving
B.to catch; to arrive
C.catching; to arrive
D.to catch; arriving

答案：18. B

解析：

【分析】本题考查动词的固定搭配用法，需牢记“fail to do sth”（未能做某事）和“manage to do sth”（设法做成某事）这两个固定结构，两个动词后都要接不定式作宾语，据此判断选项。
【解析】“fail to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“未能做某事”，第一空需用不定式to catch；“manage to do sth”也是固定搭配，意为“设法做成某事”，第二空需用不定式to arrive，因此正确选项为B。
【答案】B
【知识点】固定搭配（fail to do；manage to do）
【点评】本题属于基础语法题，考查常用动词的非谓语固定搭配，只要掌握相关短语即可快速选出正确答案，难度较低。
【难度系数】0.3

(

)19. —It's a little difficult for us young people to

some advice from the elderly.
—Yes. But if you do, you'll find it helpful.

A.refuse
B.accept
C.keep
D.change

答案：19. B

解析：

【分析】先通读对话理解语境：第一句提及年轻人从长辈处做某事有难度，第二句说明该行为有帮助，需结合语境辨析选项动词的含义，选出符合逻辑的答案。
【解析】翻译对话：——对我们年轻人来说，从长辈那里______一些建议有点难。——是的，但如果你这么做，你会发现它很有帮助。辨析选项：A.refuse（拒绝），不符合“有帮助”的语境；B.accept（接受），契合句意；C.keep（保持）、D.change（改变）均不符合上下文逻辑，因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析、语境理解
【点评】本题通过对话语境考查动词词义辨析，需结合上下文逻辑选择合适词汇，属于基础题型。
【难度系数】0.8

(

)20.(2026镇江三中月考)We can add the suffix "-ness" to the following words EXCEPT(除了)

.

A.kind
B.dark
C.express
D.careless

答案：20. C

解析：

【分析】首先明确后缀“-ness”的用法：它通常加在形容词后构成抽象名词，表示“性质、状态”。解题时需判断每个选项的词性，以及能否加“-ness”构成正确的名词。逐个分析选项：A.kind是形容词，加-ness可构成名词kindness；B.dark是形容词，加-ness可构成名词darkness；C.express是动词或名词，不是形容词，无法加-ness；D.careless是形容词，加-ness可构成名词carelessness，因此选出不能加后缀的选项。
【解析】后缀“-ness”仅用于形容词后构成名词。A.kind（形容词）→kindness；B.dark（形容词）→darkness；C.express为动词/名词，不能加-ness；D.careless（形容词）→carelessness，故答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】英语构词法、名词后缀
【点评】本题考查英语基础构词知识，需掌握后缀“-ness”的适用词性，属于简单的词汇应用类题目。
【难度系数】0.3

Ⅴ. (2025青岛改编)阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
How Technology Helps Emperor Penguins
With the development(发展) of science and technology, we have learned a lot about animals. Emperor penguins(帝企鹅) can grow up to 1.2 metres tall, and they are the 21.

largest

(large) of all the penguin kinds. In 2022, they were listed as endangered animals 22.

because

the Antarctic (与南极地区有关的) sea ice that they live on is becoming smaller and smaller. Now scientists are using high technology to follow them and learn more about how 23.

to protect

(protect) them.
One of the ways researchers are able to do this is by looking at pictures taken by satellites above the earth. Large groups 24.

emperor penguins can be seen from space. When scientists first started using satellites to look at the penguins, there 25.

were

(be) only 28 groups. So far, scientists have discovered(发现) 66 groups.
Even using satellites, it is so difficult to count(数) how many penguins live in different groups. Scientists can improve population estimates(估计) by 26.

watching

(watch) the area's weather carefully. Measuring the wind speed and temperature can help predict if the penguins gather closely together or spread apart across the ice. If scientists know what 27.

the

weather was like when the pictures were taken, they can estimate how many penguins are pictured.
Scientists can also watch penguins' movements by giving 28.

them

(they) special electronic tags(电子标签). A scanner(扫描器) is carried by a robot, and it can read information on the tags. The robot also uses AI to recognize(识别) the penguins. It moves very 29.

slowly

(slow) so that it doesn't make the birds stressed.
Daniel, one of the penguin researchers, hopes the technology 30.

will lead

(lead) us to a "golden age of research". Thanks to technology, we are seeing more things that no one has ever seen before.
词汇积累
1. development /dɪ'veləpmənt/ n.

发展

2. satellite /'sætəlaɪt/ n.

人造卫星

3. discover /dɪ'skʌvə(r)/ vt.

发现

4. stressed /strest/ adj.

焦虑不安

答案：21. largest
22. because
23. to protect
24. of
25. were
26. watching
27. the
28. them
29. slowly
30. will lead
词汇积累 1. 发展 2. 人造卫星 3. 发现 4. 焦虑不安

解析：

【分析】
首先通读短文理解主旨，再逐个分析每个空的考点：21题根据范围“of all the penguin kinds”判断用形容词最高级；22题前后句为因果关系需填连词；23题考查“疑问词+不定式”结构；24题是固定搭配“groups of”；25题结合there be句型的过去式及主语单复数确定be动词；26题介词by后接动名词；27题特指天气用定冠词；28题动词give后接人称代词宾格；29题修饰动词用副词；30题宾语从句表将来动作用一般将来时。
【解析】
21. 由“of all the penguin kinds”（所有企鹅种类中）可知，此处需用形容词large的最高级形式largest。
22. 前半句“它们被列为濒危动物”与后半句“它们赖以生存的南极海冰越来越小”是因果关系，故填连词because。
23. 考查“疑问词+不定式”结构，how to do sth表示“如何做某事”，故填to protect。
24. 固定搭配large groups of意为“大群的”，故填介词of。
25. 此处为there be句型，时态为一般过去时，主语28 groups是复数，故be动词用were。
26. 介词by后需接动名词作宾语，故填watch的动名词形式watching。
27. 此处特指拍摄照片时的天气，需用定冠词the。
28. 动词give后接人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them，故填them。
29. 修饰动词moves需用副词，slow的副词形式是slowly，故填slowly。
30. 宾语从句中，主句为一般现在时，结合语境“希望科技将引领我们进入黄金时代”，表将来动作，故用一般将来时will lead。
【答案】
21. largest；22. because；23. to protect；24. of；25. were；26. watching；27. the；28. them；29. slowly；30. will lead；词汇积累：1.发展；2.人造卫星；3.发现；4.焦虑不安
【知识点】
形容词最高级、连词、非谓语动词、介词、there be句型、冠词、代词、副词、一般将来时
【点评】
本题为英语语法填空题，考查基础语法知识与固定搭配，要求学生结合语境分析句子结构，难度适中，是初中英语常见题型，注重对基础知识的运用。
【难度系数】
0.7