六、阅读表达。（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，用英语回答短文后的问题。
When you think of winter, which word comes to your mind? Cold? Dark? Snow? Ice? When the weather turns terrible, we can stay in warm houses and enjoy nice food, but wild animals may not have this fun. So how do animals spend the long cold winter months?
Some animals make journeys to warmer places once a year. We call this migration. They sometimes travel thousands of miles by land, air, or sea to reach their winter home. Small monarch butterflies travel from all over the country to spend their winters in Mexico. Caribous（北美驯鹿）have one of the longest land migrations, travelling over 2,000 miles! But not all migrations are as long as the examples. Some birds make shorter migrations from high mountains to lower lands to find better places with less snow and more food. This type of migration is about changes in height.
If winter makes you want to sleep, you're not alone. Some animals hibernate for part or all of the winter. This is a special, very deep sleep. There are a few different types of hibernation. For example, a bear will eat a lot of food to build up fat reserves. During hibernation, its body temperature drops, and its heart beats more slowly. A bear's heartbeat may drop from around 55 beats per minute to just 9 beats. The bear can sleep for months without eating or drinking, using its fat for energy.
Instead of going to warmer places or sleeping through the winter, some animals spend the winter by changing bodies with seasons. Some animals may grow a thicker and warmer winter coat. Some other animals change the colour of their fur. For example, the snowshoe rabbits are usually brown in summer, but they change the colour of their fur into the colour of snow in winter for better hiding.
What about you? Will your mind, body or action change in the wintertime? Do you go to a warmer place for holiday or just stay at your comfortable home? Or maybe you really enjoy taking part in some outdoor activities in winter. No matter how you like to spend the winter, spring is just around the corner.
1. How far do caribous travel to spend the winter?
Over 2,000 miles.
2. Why do some birds migrate to lower lands?
For better places with less snow and more food.
3. When a bear hibernates, what changes happen to its body?
Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows.
4. What colour are snowshoe rabbits in different seasons?
Brown in summer and white in winter.
5. Will you spend the winter staying at home or going outside to have fun? Why?
I will stay at home because it's warm and comfortable. (答案不唯一)
解析：
【分析】
本题为英语阅读理解细节题与开放表达题，解题思路为：1. 通读短文，明确各问题对应的段落；2. 针对细节类问题，定位原文中与问题相关的关键语句，提取准确信息；3. 针对开放类问题，结合自身实际情况，用通顺的英语作答。
【解析】
1. 定位短文第二段关于北美驯鹿的描述，找到关键句“Caribous have one of the longest land migrations, travelling over 2,000 miles!”，提取答案。
2. 定位短文第二段关于鸟类迁徙的描述，找到关键句“Some birds make shorter migrations from high mountains to lower lands to find better places with less snow and more food.”，提取原因。
3. 定位短文第三段关于熊冬眠的描述，找到关键句“During hibernation, its body temperature drops, and its heart beats more slowly.”，提取身体变化。
4. 定位短文第四段关于雪兔的描述，找到关键句“the snowshoe rabbits are usually brown in summer, but they change the colour of their fur into the colour of snow in winter”，雪为白色，提取不同季节的颜色。
5. 为开放性问题，结合自身实际情况，用通顺的英语作答即可，示例为合理答案。
【答案】
1. Over 2,000 miles.
2. For better places with less snow and more food.
3. Its body temperature drops and heartbeat slows.
4. Brown in summer and white in winter.
5. I will stay at home because it's warm and comfortable. (答案不唯一)
【知识点】
英语阅读理解细节理解、英语书面表达
【点评】
本题围绕动物过冬的不同方式展开，重点考查学生快速定位原文细节信息的能力，最后一题开放性问题结合生活实际，整体难度适中，学生只要准确提取原文关键内容即可完成作答。
【难度系数】
0.7
