四、短文填空
Bi Sheng was a great scientist in ancient China. He lived during the Northern Song Dynasty. He is best known 1.
for
his invention of movable-type printing.
Bi Sheng was a very smart 2.
inventor
(invent). He made the movable-type printing all by 3.
himself
(he). Before his invention, people had to write or carve every page of a book by hand, which took a lot of time. But Bi Sheng's invention changed almost everything.
He carved Chinese characters on small pieces of clay and heated(加热)them 4.
until/till
they became hard movable characters. When 5.
printing
(print) a book, people arranged(排列)the movable characters in order(顺序)and then pressed(按压)them onto paper to make a copy(复印件)of the book. This made the printing much faster and 6.
easier
(easy). After the printing, they separated(分开)the characters for reuse later.
Bi Sheng's movable type printing soon became 7.
a
great step in the history of printing technology(技术). His invention first 8.
spread
(spread) eastward to Korea and Japan, and then westward to Persia and Egypt, and 9.
finally
(final) around the world. Because of Bi Sheng, more people in the world could read books and share knowledge(知识)more quickly and 10.
farther
(far).
解析:
【分析】做短文填空时,需先通读全文理解文章主旨(本文介绍毕昇及其活字印刷术的发明),再结合每个空的前后语境、固定搭配、词性变化、语法规则(如时态、非谓语、比较级等)逐个分析:1. 考查固定搭配;2. 需名词作表语;3. 考查反身代词的固定搭配;4. 考查连词的语境用法;5. 考查非谓语动词;6. 考查形容词比较级;7. 考查冠词;8. 考查一般过去时;9. 考查副词用法;10. 考查副词比较级。
【解析】1. 固定搭配be known for意为“因……而闻名”,故填for;2. 形容词smart后需接名词,invent的名词形式为inventor(发明家),故填inventor;3. 固定搭配by oneself意为“独自”,he的反身代词为himself,故填himself;4. 句意:加热它们直到变成坚硬的可移动字符,需用连词until/till(直到),故填until/till;5. when引导的时间状语从句,省略主语和be动词,people与print是主动关系,需用现在分词printing,故填printing;6. 由and连接并列成分,前面是比较级faster,故easy用比较级easier,故填easier;7. step是可数名词单数,great以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a,故填a;8. 讲述过去的事件,用一般过去时,spread的过去式为spread,故填spread;9. 修饰整个句子需用副词,final的副词形式为finally,故填finally;10. 由and连接并列的副词比较级,前面是more quickly,故far用比较级farther,故填farther。
【答案】1. for 2. inventor 3. himself 4. until/till 5. printing 6. easier 7. a 8. spread 9. finally 10. farther
【知识点】固定搭配、词性转换、形容词比较级
【点评】本文围绕毕昇及其活字印刷术展开,是初中英语常见的短文填空题型,主要考查基础语法与词汇的运用,难度适中,需学生掌握相关固定搭配、词性变化及基本语法规则。
【难度系数】0.5