2026年亮点给力提优课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版第17页解析答案

四、词汇运用。（每小题2分，共10分）
1. To improve your spoken English, you must practise

pronouncing

(发音) words clearly.
2. (2026·南京市金陵汇文学校月考)Your brother, who often helps others with all kinds of difficult tasks in our community, is a man of many

talents

(才能).
3. (2026·扬州市树人集团月考)It's important to fix

incorrect

(correct) habits when learning a new skill like English speaking.
4. He cared more about helping others rather than

making

(make) money from his inventions.
5. (2026·无锡市江阴一中月考)Many writers

are translating

(translate) this article these days so that more learners can understand it soon after.

答案：四 1. pronouncing 2. talents 3. incorrect 4. making 5. are translating

解析：

【分析】本题为英语词汇运用题，需结合固定搭配、语法规则、语境及时态要求填写单词的正确形式：1. 依据practise的固定搭配确定动词形式；2. 根据many修饰可数名词复数的规则变形；3. 结合语境判断形容词的否定形式；4. 利用rather than的平行结构确定形式；5. 由时间标志词确定时态。
【解析】1. 考查固定搭配practise doing sth（练习做某事），动词pronounce需变为动名词，故填pronouncing；2. 考查名词复数，many后接可数名词复数，“才能”对应talent的复数形式talents，故填talents；3. 考查形容词，根据语境需表示“不正确的”习惯，用correct的否定形式incorrect，故填incorrect；4. 考查平行结构，rather than连接并列成分，前面为动名词helping，故make变为动名词making，故填making；5. 考查现在进行时，these days是现在进行时的标志，主语为复数，故用are translating，故填are translating。
【答案】四 1. pronouncing 2. talents 3. incorrect 4. making 5. are translating
【知识点】固定搭配、词形变化、时态
【点评】本题考查初中英语基础词汇与语法的结合运用，涵盖固定搭配、名词复数、形容词变形、平行结构及现在进行时等核心知识点，题型常规，侧重基础能力考查，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.6

五、完成句子。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. 他想尽可能早地到达机场。
He wanted to

arrive at the airport as early as possible

.
2. 她独特的设计理念使她的作品有别于其他设计师的作品。
Her unique design concept

sets her works apart from

those of other designers.
3. 余华在他快50岁时完成了《兄弟》这部小说。
Yu Hua completed the novel Brothers

in his late forties

.
4. 当地政府为孩子们免费提供了一些书籍和电脑。
The local government provided children

with some books and computers for free

.
5. 我不希望我的父母落后于时代。
I don't want my parents

to fall behind the times

答案：五 1. arrive at the airport as early as possible 2. sets her works apart from 3. in his late forties 4. with some books and computers for free 5. to fall behind the times

解析：

【分析】本题为英语完成句子题，需结合中文句意，运用对应的英语固定搭配、短语及句式结构补全句子。解题时需注意动词的固定用法、常用短语以及年龄表达的正确形式，确保补全后的句子语法正确、语义通顺。
【解析】1. “到达机场”对应短语arrive at the airport，“尽可能早”是固定表达as early as possible，结合want to do sth结构，故填arrive at the airport as early as possible；
2. “使……有别于”是固定短语set...apart from，主语为单数第三人称，谓语动词用sets，“她的作品”对应her works，故填sets her works apart from；
3. “在某人快五十岁时”的固定表达为in one's late forties，主语余华为男性，故填in his late forties；
4. 动词provide的固定搭配为provide sb with sth，“免费”对应for free，故填with some books and computers for free；
5. want的固定用法为want sb to do sth，“落后于时代”对应fall behind the times，故填to fall behind the times。
【答案】1. arrive at the airport as early as possible 2. sets her works apart from 3. in his late forties 4. with some books and computers for free 5. to fall behind the times
【知识点】固定搭配、动词用法、年龄表达
【点评】本题考查英语基础短语和固定句式的运用，属于常规基础题型，侧重对常用英语表达的积累，难度适中，适合巩固英语基础。
【难度系数】0.6

六、(2025·淮安市开明中学月考)阅读表达。(每小题2分,共10分)
Galileo Galilei was an astronomer(天文学家) and physicist who lived in Italy in the 16th century. He was the first person to use a telescope(望远镜) to see things in outer space, and he discovered many important facts about astronomy.
Galileo is sometimes called Father of Modern Science, because he was one of the first people to do experiments(实验) and to use observation(观察) to discover the world around him.
For almost a thousand years, most scientists had been using the ideas of earlier scientists without questioning. These scientists usually tried to make whatever they saw fit into those old ideas. By using observation and doing experiments, Galileo made many important discoveries in both astronomy and physics.
Before Galileo's time, people thought that light things fell more slowly than heavy things. However, Galileo discovered that in the right conditions, light and heavy things fall at the same rate.
Many people believe that Galileo experimented with falling bodies by dropping things from the top of the Leaning Tower of Pisa.
However, it is more likely that he spent many hours rolling numbers of heavy and light balls down a small hill, and recording what happened. Galileo's discovery helped later scientists to understand how motion(运动) and gravity(重力) work.
1. Where was Galileo Galilei from?

Italy.

2. What do people call Galileo Galilei?

Father of Modern Science.

3. How could Galileo make many important discoveries in astronomy and physics?

By using observation and doing experiments.

4. What helped later scientists to understand how motion and gravity work?

Galileo's discovery.

5. 新考法开放性设问 What can you learn from Galileo's story?

Observation and experiments are important ways to discover the world around us.(言之有理即可)

答案：六 1. Italy. 2. Father of Modern Science. 3. By using observation and doing experiments. 4. Galileo's discovery. 5. Observation and experiments are important ways to discover the world around us.(言之有理即可)

解析：

【分析】
本题为英语阅读表达题，解题思路为：首先通读全文，把握文章关于伽利略的核心事迹；针对前4道细节题，精准定位原文对应段落的关键信息，直接提取答案；第5道开放性设问，结合伽利略的探索方式，围绕“观察、实验对探索世界的重要性”等角度作答，言之有理即可。
【解析】
1. 问题询问伽利略的国籍，定位原文第一段第一句“Galileo Galilei was an astronomer(天文学家) and physicist who lived in Italy in the 16th century”，提取关键信息为Italy，故答案为Italy。
2. 问题询问人们对伽利略的称呼，定位原文第二段第一句“Galileo is sometimes called Father of Modern Science”，提取关键信息为Father of Modern Science，故答案为Father of Modern Science。
3. 问题询问伽利略做出重要发现的方式，定位原文第三段最后一句“By using observation and doing experiments, Galileo made many important discoveries in both astronomy and physics”，提取关键信息为By using observation and doing experiments，故答案为By using observation and doing experiments。
4. 问题询问帮助后来科学家理解运动和重力的内容，定位原文最后一段最后一句“Galileo's discovery helped later scientists to understand how motion(运动) and gravity(重力) work”，提取关键信息为Galileo's discovery，故答案为Galileo's discovery。
5. 本题为开放性设问，结合伽利略通过观察和实验探索世界的事迹，可围绕“观察与实验是探索世界的重要方法”等角度作答，言之有理即可，参考答案示例为Observation and experiments are important ways to discover the world around us.
【答案】
1. Italy. 2. Father of Modern Science. 3. By using observation and doing experiments. 4. Galileo's discovery. 5. Observation and experiments are important ways to discover the world around us.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
英语阅读表达、细节信息获取、观点表达
【点评】
本题围绕伽利略的科学事迹设题，前4题考查学生的原文细节定位能力，第5题考查学生的感悟表达能力，贴合初中英语阅读题的考查方向，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7