A
[2025 南通市海安市期中]In the Loess Plateau(黄土高原) of northern China, around 40 million people still live in traditional caves called yaodong. These homes are not only practical but also environmentally friendly. 1.
D
What is the structure of yaodong? These cave houses are built with vaulted(有拱顶的) rooms and thick earthen walls. The arched entrances are decorated with beautiful wooden windows. Inside, you'll find large, heated beds known as kang. 2.
C
Small tunnels connect the rooms, creating a comfortable living space.
Why do people build yaodong? 3.
E
The region has a dry climate with strong winds, making above-ground houses less practical. Instead, yaodong is built into the earth, offering protection from harsh weather. The soil in this area is thick and fine-grained(细粒的), making it easy to dig while providing strong support for the structure. This natural material also acts as excellent insulation(隔热材料). What's more, because wood and other building materials are rare, yaodong is a cost-effective and green choice for the local people.
4.
B
Yaodong comes in different forms. One type is the cliffside yaodong(靠崖式窑洞), which is carved directly into the hillsides. These homes have open fronts that allow natural light and air to flow in. Another type is the sunken yaodong(下沉式窑洞), which is built by digging a large rectangular pit(矩形坑) into the ground. Rooms are then carved into the walls of the pit, creating an underground courtyard. Finally, there is the stand-alone yaodong, which is built above the ground using materials like bricks, stone and mud. 5.
F
答案：A 1. D 根据"These homes are not only practical but also environmentally friendly."可知,窑洞既实用又环保,D选项是对环保特性的延伸描述,符合语境。
2. C 根据"Inside, you'll find large, heated beds known as kang."可知,此处应说明炕的作用,C选项是对炕功能的补充说明。
3. E 根据"The region has a dry climate with strong winds ..."可知,此处说明窑洞设计与当地环境的关联,E选项是建造原因的总起句。
4. B 根据"Yaodong comes in different forms ..."可知,此处是问窑洞的类型,B选项与该段内容匹配。
5. F 根据"the stand-alone yaodong, which is built above the ground ..."可知,此处说明这种窑洞的适用场景,F选项是对独立式窑洞建造条件的说明。
解析：
【分析】本题为英语七选五题型，解题思路为：首先通读全文，明确文章主旨是介绍中国黄土高原的窑洞；接着分析每个空格前后的语境，结合选项的语义、逻辑关系（如话题延续、功能补充、主题匹配等），逐一匹配最合适的选项，确保所选内容能使上下文连贯、符合逻辑。
【解析】1. 第1空：前文提到窑洞“not only practical but also environmentally friendly”，需延伸环保特性的描述，D选项“They mix perfectly with the special local landscape.”符合对环保特性的补充，故选D。
2. 第2空：前文提到“Inside, you'll find large, heated beds known as kang”，需说明炕的功能，C选项“They provide warmth during cold winters.”是对炕作用的补充，故选C。
3. 第3空：本段主题是“Why do people build yaodong?”，后文围绕当地环境（气候、土壤等）展开，E选项“The design of yaodong is closely tied to the environment of the Loess Plateau.”是建造原因的总起句，符合语境，故选E。
4. 第4空：后文详细介绍了窑洞的三种不同形式，B选项“What are the main types of yaodong?”与该段内容匹配，起到引出下文的作用，故选B。
5. 第5空：前文提到“stand-alone yaodong, which is built above the ground...”，需说明这种窑洞的适用场景，F选项“These houses are common in areas where digging into the earth is not possible.”符合语境，故选F。
【答案】1.D 2.C 3.E 4.B 5.F
【知识点】英语阅读理解七选五、语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】本题围绕黄土高原窑洞展开，考查学生对上下文语境和逻辑关系的理解，解题时需重点关注前后句的话题延续与关键词呼应，是典型的语篇衔接类题目，能有效考查学生的阅读理解能力。
【难度系数】0.6
B 核心素养 学习能力
Learning can be exciting when you follow your curiosity! Scientists say curious students enjoy studying more. They can find ways to make school subjects more interesting. 1.
B
Ask questions. Always ask “why” when learning something. 2.
D
When learning Chinese, ask why Tang poems remain so popular in modern China. Questions make learning more active and help you understand better.
Learn outside school. Join a community centre to learn to play a new sport. 3.
E
Going
to a park or a zoo allows you to watch plants and animals carefully to learn about them. Different ways of learning keep your brain excited.
4.
A
Find how school subjects are part of your life. Maths helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can explain weather changes and the environment around us. When you find knowledge is useful, you’ll want to learn more.
Share curious thoughts with others. 5.
F
For example, if you wonder why leaves turn yellow in autumn, chat with your grandma—she might know interesting things! Sharing helps you get new ideas and remember what you learn better.
Start with one way today. You’ll find learning useful. You will also find it enjoyable. Remember, every subject becomes interesting when you’re curious about it.
答案：B 1. B 根据"They can find ways to make school subjects more interesting."可知,文章在提出好奇心的重要性后,指出好奇心强的学生能找到让学科更有趣的方法。B选项引出下文对具体方法的介绍,符合语境。
2. D 根据"Always ask 'why' when learning something ... When learning Chinese, ask why Tang poems remain so popular in modern China."可知,本段鼓励学生在学习中多问"为什么",并举例说明。此处应是一个关于其他学科的例子。D选项符合语境。
3. E 根据"Join a community centre to learn to play a new sport ... Going to a park or a zoo allows you to watch plants and animals carefully to learn about them."可知,本段建议通过社区中心、公园、动物园等校外场所学习。此处应补充另一种校外学习的场所或方式。E选项符合语境。
4. A 根据"Find how school subjects are part of your life. Maths helps when you are shopping. English is useful when you travel abroad. Geography can explain weather changes ..."可知,本段旨在说明如何将学科知识与现实生活联系起来。此处位于段首,应是本段的小标题。A选项符合语境。
5. F 根据"... if you wonder why leaves turn yellow in autumn, chat with your grandma—she might know interesting things! Sharing helps you get new ideas and remember what you learn better."可知,本段鼓励与他人分享好奇的想法,并以和祖母聊天为例。此处应是一个概括性的建议,说明与谁分享。F选项符合语境。
解析：
【分析】本题为英语七选五题型，解题思路是先通读全文把握主旨（围绕好奇心让学习更有趣，介绍5种具体学习方法），再逐一分析每个空前后的语境逻辑：第1空需承上启下引出下文方法，第2空需匹配“问为什么”的举例，第3空需匹配“校外学习”的方式，第4空需匹配“学科与生活联系”的主旨，第5空需匹配“分享好奇想法”的主题，最终通过语境匹配选出对应选项。
【解析】1. 第1空：前文提到好奇的学生能让学科更有趣，后文是具体的学习方法，B选项“Here are four easy ways to start with”起到承上启下、引出下文内容的作用，符合语境。
2. 第2空：本段主题是学习时多问“为什么”，后文举了语文的例子，D选项“If you learn about science, ask why the sky is blue”是科学学科的举例，符合“问为什么”的要求，匹配语境。
3. 第3空：本段主题是校外学习，前文是社区中心学运动，后文是公园、动物园的学习场景，E选项“Visit museums to see what life was like in the past”是校外学习的另一种方式，符合语境。
4. 第4空：后文内容围绕“学校学科是生活的一部分”展开，A选项“Connect lessons to real life”是本段的主旨，作为段首句符合逻辑。
5. 第5空：本段主题是分享好奇的想法，后文举了和祖母聊天的例子，F选项“Talk about what you're curious about with your friends or family”是本段的具体建议，符合语境。
【答案】1.B 2.D 3.E 4.A 5.F
【知识点】英语七选五、语境匹配、文章主旨理解
【点评】本题考查英语阅读理解中七选五题型的解题能力，需结合上下文语境、段落主题及逻辑关系选择答案，是初中英语常见题型，难度适中。
【难度系数】0.5
