2026年启东中学作业本七年级英语上册译林版第178页解析答案

B 用括号中所给单词或短语的适当形式填空。
1. Eating too much sugar is bad for your

teeth

(tooth)?
2. Thank you for

celebrating

(celebrate) my birthday. I'm so happy.
3. —Daniel with his classmates often

carries

(carry) water for Grandpa Ma.
—What kind children!
4. We do eye exercises

twice

(two) a day to make our eyes healthy.
5. There are two silk

scarves/scarfs

(scarf) on the sofa. You can take one of them away.
6. To keep fit, we should have

less

(little) cola and fewer sweets.
7. How about

borrowing

(borrow) a comic book from your best friend?
8. Students don't do morning exercises in the playground on

rainy

(rain) days.
9. —Who

enjoys

(enjoy) roller skating in your class? —Bob.
10. They often practise

playing

(play) volleyball in the Sports Club.
11. Tom together with his classmates watches basketball

matches

(match) every Saturday afternoon.
12. Some students use

knives

(knife) to do crafts.
13. Welcome to our school,

ladies

(lady) and gentlemen.
14. There are two eggs and three

potatoes

(potato) on the table.
15. —Your hair clip

goes

(go) well with your clothes today.
—Thank you.
16. We need to eat a lot of

vegetables

(vegetable) to keep healthy every day.
17. He with his parents always wears different

styles

(style) of clothes on New Year's Day.

答案：1. teeth
2. celebrating
3. carries
4. twice
5. scarves/scarfs
6. less
7. borrowing
8. rainy
9. enjoys
10. playing
11. matches
12. knives
13. ladies
14. potatoes
15. goes
16. vegetables
17. styles

解析：

【分析】
本题为英语用所给词适当形式填空的基础题型，解题思路为：1. 先判断每个空所需的词性（如名词、动词、形容词、副词等）；2. 结合句子结构、语境、固定搭配及语法规则（如名词复数变化、主谓一致、非谓语形式、比较级等），对所给单词进行词形转换。需注意特殊的名词复数变化、主谓一致的就远原则、介词后接动名词等细节。
【解析】
1. 句意：吃太多糖对你的牙齿有害。tooth是可数名词，此处表泛指，需用复数形式teeth。
2. thank you for后接动名词作宾语，故celebrate变为celebrating。
3. 主语为Daniel（with his classmates是伴随状语，不影响主谓一致，遵循就远原则），句子为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式carries。
4. 此处表示“两次”，需将数词two转换为副词twice。
5. scarf是可数名词，前面有two修饰，需用复数形式scarves/scarfs。
6. 由后面的fewer（更少的）可知，此处需用little的比较级less修饰不可数名词cola。
7. how about后接动名词作宾语，故borrow变为borrowing。
8. 此处修饰名词days，需用形容词rainy。
9. 主语为who，指代单数，句子为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式enjoys。
10. practice doing sth是固定搭配，意为“练习做某事”，故play变为playing。
11. match是可数名词，此处表泛指，需用复数形式matches。
12. knife是可数名词，前面有some修饰，需用复数形式knives。
13. 与gentlemen（复数）对应，此处需用lady的复数形式ladies。
14. potato是可数名词，前面有three修饰，需用复数形式potatoes。
15. 主语为your hair clip（单数），句子为一般现在时，动词用第三人称单数形式goes。
16. vegetable是可数名词，a lot of后接可数名词复数，故用vegetables。
17. different后接可数名词复数，故style变为styles。
【答案】
1. teeth
2. celebrating
3. carries
4. twice
5. scarves/scarfs
6. less
7. borrowing
8. rainy
9. enjoys
10. playing
11. matches
12. knives
13. ladies
14. potatoes
15. goes
16. vegetables
17. styles
【知识点】
名词复数变化、动词形式运用、词性转换
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法核心知识点，涵盖名词、动词、词性转换等基础考点，侧重考查学生对基础语法规则和固定搭配的掌握，是初中英语常规基础题型。
【难度系数】
0.8

18. We need three

kilos

(kilo) of beef for the party.
19. I am thinking about what

to design

(design) for the fashion show.
20. Hope for the

best

(good), but plan for the worst.
21. Andy likes watching short

videos

(video) on WeChat. It's bad for his eyes.
22. —Mum, I don't want a

carrot

(carrot) pie any more. I am not a rabbit!
—OK. We'll have a beef pie for breakfast.
23. Do you know that few people can live more than a week

without

(with) water?
24. I never eat cakes or other snacks between

meals

(meal).
25. (2024·江苏苏州高新区期末)Wendy wants to buy a dress in a real shop because she can try it on to make sure it ______ (fit) her.
26. (2024·江苏泰州姜堰区期末)—Ben,

don't be

(not be) late for school again.
—OK, I will not.
27. The police uniform is one of the

policewomen's

(policewoman) over there.
28. (2024·江苏无锡南闸实验学校期末)These two pairs of glasses are my

grandparents'

(grandparent).
29. (2024·江苏泰州泰兴期末)—What would you like to order?
—My aunt with her friends

is chatting

(chat) over there. We'll look at the menu together.

答案：18. kilos
19. to design
20. best
21. videos
22. carrot
23. without
24. meals
25. fits
26. don't be
27. policewomen's
28. grandparents'
29. is chatting

解析：

【解析】
18. 空格前有数词three，可数名词kilo需变为复数形式kilos。
19. 此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构作动词短语think about的宾语，填to design。
20. 并列结构“Hope for the best, plan for the worst”是固定谚语，good需变为最高级best。
21. 此处表示泛指短视频，可数名词video要变为复数形式videos。
22. 名词作定语修饰pie时通常用单数形式，填carrot。
23. 根据语境“几乎没人能在没有水的情况下存活一周以上”，介词with要变为否定含义的without。
24. 介词between后接可数名词复数，meal变为复数形式meals，表示各餐之间。
25. 主句时态为一般现在时，宾语从句主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词fit变为fits。
26. 此处为祈使句的否定形式，结构为don't+动词原形，填don't be。
27. 固定结构one of后接可数名词复数，此处表示“女警察们的（制服）”，需用复数名词所有格policewomen's。
28. 语境表示“这两副眼镜是我祖父母的”，用复数名词所有格grandparents's表示所属关系。
29. 此处描述正在发生的动作，用现在进行时；主语my aunt是单数，with her friends是插入语，be动词用is，填is chatting。
【答案】
18. kilos
19. to design
20. best
21. videos
22. carrot
23. without
24. meals
25. fits
26. don't be
27. policewomen's
28. grandparents'
29. is chatting
【知识点】
名词复数；词形转换；时态与主谓一致
【点评】
本题是初中英语常见的词形变换题型，综合考查名词单复数、固定搭配、非谓语结构、名词所有格、动词时态与主谓一致等基础知识点，考点覆盖全面，侧重检验学生对词法规则的掌握和语境理解能力。
【难度系数】
0.7