2026年通成学典课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版江苏专版第70页解析答案

五、根据汉语提示完成句子。(每小题2分,共10分)
1. 当她醒来时,她的腿仍然在流血。
When she woke up, her leg

was still bleeding

.
2. 当我们参加考试时,我们应该尽量避免犯错误。
When we take an exam, we should try

to avoid making mistakes

.
3. 到目前为止,史密斯先生还未对这些报告进行过评论。
Mr Smith has not commented on these reports

so far

.
4. 这些人正在向四面八方跑去。(in all directions)

These people are running in all directions.

5. 消防队员很快赶来并立即把火扑灭了。(put out)

The firemen came quickly and put out the fire at once.

答案：1. was still bleeding
2. to avoid making mistakes
3. so far
4. These people are running in all directions.
5. The firemen came quickly and put out the fire at once.

解析：

【分析】
这道题是英语汉译英完成句子题型，解题时首先要对照已给出的英文部分和对应的汉语提示，先判断空缺内容的含义，再结合句中已有的时态提示、固定搭配规则来填写/组织完整句子：首先观察句中已有的谓语时态，匹配对应的动作时间属性；再回忆所学的固定短语，题干指定的in all directions、put out要准确用到句子里；最后注意动词的形式变化，比如进行时的现在分词、过去式的特殊变形，保证语法正确，语义和汉语提示完全对应。
【解析】
我们逐题推导正确表达：
1. 句中时间状语when she woke up是一般过去时，表达“她醒来时腿正在流血”，要用过去进行时结构was/were + 现在分词，主语her leg是单数，be动词用was，“流血”的动词是bleed，现在分词形式是bleeding，“仍然”对应still，所以空缺部分为was still bleeding。
2. 这里考察固定搭配：try to do sth 表示“尽力做某事”，avoid doing sth表示“避免做某事”，“犯错误”的固定表达是make mistakes，组合后空缺部分为to avoid making mistakes。
3. “到目前为止”的固定英文表达是so far，同时它也是现在完成时的标志性时间状语，完全匹配句中已有的现在完成时结构has not commented，所以空缺部分填so far。
4. 题干要求使用指定短语in all directions（四面八方），“正在跑”要用现在进行时结构be + 现在分词，主语These people是复数，be动词用are，run的现在分词是running，组合成完整句子即可。
5. 题干要求使用指定短语put out（扑灭），描述过去先后发生的两个并列动作用一般过去时，“消防队员”是The firemen，“很快赶来”译为came quickly，“立即”译为at once，“把火扑灭”译为put out the fire，put的过去式仍为put，用并列连词and连接两个谓语即可。
【答案】
1. was still bleeding
2. to avoid making mistakes
3. so far
4. These people are running in all directions.
5. The firemen came quickly and put out the fire at once.
【知识点】
固定短语搭配，动词时态辨析，汉译英基础表达
【点评】
本题属于初中英语基础题型，全部考察单元核心的短语和基础时态考点，难度较低，需要学生熟记课内重点固定搭配，同时能根据句中给出的时态提示判断正确的动词变形，注意特殊动词的分词、过去式的不规则变化细节，就能顺利拿到满分。
【难度系数】
0.8

六、短文填空。(每空1分,共15分)
第一节阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Have you ever encountered an earthquake? 1.

March 28, 2025, a 7.9-magnitude earthquake hit northern Myanmar, which brought terrible experiences to the people there.
2. ______ earthquake started near the Myanmar-China border. It caused severe impacts on people's life there. Many houses and buildings 3. ______ (sudden) fell down, and thousands of people were in danger. About 3,800 people died. It's reported that it was the 4. ______ (strong) earthquake at the beginning of 2025.
After the earthquake, people from all 5.

(direct) offered a helping hand. Volunteers from nearby cities tried hard to help. They gave out food, water and medicine to people in need. Local people also took risks 6.

(warn) each other the moment they realized there was an earthquake. What they did in times of difficulty 7.

(bring) people warmth and courage.
Scientists said there might be more small quakes later. Then what can we do to save 8.

(we)? Different people had different views. "In my opinion, we should build stronger houses to protect us 9.

most buildings in Myanmar are not strong enough," said a doctor. "We need to practise safety drills(演习) every year," said a teacher. "All students should know how 10.

(care) for themselves during earthquakes."

答案：1. On
2. The
3. suddenly
4. strongest
5. directions
6. to warn
7. brought
8. ourselves
9. because
10. to care

解析：

【分析】
做这类短文填空题，首先要先通读全文，明确文章围绕缅甸地震事件展开的核心主旨，再逐空结合语法规则、固定搭配、上下文逻辑来推导答案：
1. 先判断每空所需的词性：如果是在具体日期前，优先考虑时间介词；特指某一事物要考虑定冠词；修饰动词要转换为副词形式；出现定冠词the限定形容词要考虑最高级变形。
2. 遇到括号提示的动词，要结合固定句型、时态规则判断是变非谓语形式还是过去式等变形。
3. 遇到无提示的空，要梳理前后句的因果、转折等逻辑关系，选择合适的连词，最后代入所有答案通读检查，确保语义通顺语法正确。
【解析】
1. 空后是具体日期March 28, 2025，表示具体某一天的时间前要使用介词on，句首首字母大写，故填On。
2. 此处特指上文已经提到过的缅甸7.9级地震，属于特指，要使用定冠词the，句首首字母大写，故填The。
3. 此处需要修饰动词短语fell down（倒塌），修饰动词要用副词，形容词sudden的副词形式为suddenly，故填suddenly。
4. 句意为“这是2025年初最强的地震”，空前有定冠词the限定，要使用形容词最高级，strong的最高级形式为strongest，故填strongest。
5. 固定搭配all directions意为“四面八方”，all后接可数名词复数，形容词direct对应的名词direction变复数为directions，故填directions。
6. 固定搭配take risks to do sth. 意为“冒险做某事”，此处要使用不定式结构，故填to warn。
7. 全文描述地震相关的过去发生的事件，时态为一般过去时，动词bring的过去式为brought，故填brought。
8. 句意为“我们可以做什么来拯救我们自己”，此处动作的宾语指代主语本身，要使用反身代词，we的反身代词为ourselves，故填ourselves。
9. 后半句“缅甸大部分建筑不够牢固”是前半句“我们应该建造更坚固的房屋”的原因，表因果逻辑的连词用because，故填because。
10. 此处为“疑问词how + 不定式”的固定结构，作动词know的宾语，故填to care。
【答案】
1. On
2. The
3. suddenly
4. strongest
5. directions
6. to warn
7. brought
8. ourselves
9. because
10. to care
【知识点】
介词用法，词形转换，非谓语动词
【点评】
本题以地震相关的热点事件为主题，考点覆盖初中英语核心语法点，既考察学生对冠词、形容词最高级、时态、反身代词等基础语法的掌握程度，也考察学生对固定搭配、上下文逻辑关系的理解能力，同时渗透了地震安全常识的科普，整体难度适中，适合巩固基础语法知识点。
【难度系数】
0.7

第二节根据对话内容,从方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空,使对话内容完整正确(其中有一个是多余的)。
scared another arrived safest whole thanks to
Every year, thousands of people's lives are affected by disasters. This week the editor Becky in News Magazine interviewed a disaster survivor Fiona.
Becky: Fiona, you were in a cyclone(龙卷风). Where was that?
Fiona: In north Australia, in Normanton. That's where I live.
Becky: What did you do when the cyclone 1.

arrived

?
Fiona: We all stayed inside, in the basement, because that's the 2.

safest

place. We could hear the storm coming closer and closer. The noise was awful. At one point there was a really loud noise. I thought, "That's it! It's going to destroy the house!" I was 3.

scared

.
Becky: And what happened after the cyclone?
Fiona: There were terrible floods. More than 360 millimetres of rain fell in just twenty-four hours. The army had to bring food and water to the 4.

whole

area by plane and helicopter. The strangest thing was that water from the coast and rivers flooded the land and carried three crocodiles(鳄鱼) near my house! One of my neighbours hit a crocodile with his car—it was 1.6 metres long.
Becky: Really? That's hard to believe! So is everything back to normal(正常) again now?
Fiona: Not really. The floods have gone, but they destroyed a lot of homes and farms. It's going to cost at least 110 million dollars to repair the damage.
Becky: Is the weather usually this bad?
Fiona: No, but this summer was very hot. If it stays hot, maybe there will be 5.

another

cyclone. All the experts (专家) say that the chances of extreme temperatures and heavy rain will increase because of climate change.

答案：1. arrived
2. safest
3. scared
4. whole
5. another

解析：

【分析】
这是对话类选词填空题，解题时首先通读全部对话，明确访谈核心是灾害幸存者讲述遭遇龙卷风的经历，同时先梳理所有备选词的含义：scared害怕的、another另一个、arrived到达、safest最安全的、whole整个的、thanks to多亏，共6个词其中1个为多余项。接下来逐个分析空格的语法属性和上下文语义，先判断每个空格所需的词性，再从剩余备选词里匹配符合语境的选项，最后验证多余词没有适配语境即可完成解题。
【解析】
1. 第一空所在句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句缺少谓语动词，描述过去发生的事件，时态为一般过去时，arrived意为“到来、抵达”，填入后句意为“龙卷风到来的时候你做了什么？”完全符合语境，故填arrived。
2. 第二空空格前有定冠词the，空格后是名词place，结合常识地下室是躲避灾害的安全场所，此处需要填入形容词最高级，safest是safe的最高级，意为“最安全的”，语义匹配，故填safest。
3. 第三空空格前是be动词was，需要填入形容词作表语，前文提到Fiona当时以为龙卷风马上要摧毁房屋，此时人物的状态是恐惧的，scared意为“害怕的”，完全符合语境，故填scared。
4. 第四空空格后是名词area，需要形容词修饰，句意为军队用飞机和直升机给受灾区域运送物资，the whole area是常用搭配，意为“整个区域”，语义通顺，故填whole。
5. 第五空空格后是可数名词单数cyclone，句意为如果天气持续高温，可能会再有一场龙卷风，another后接可数名词单数表示“另一个、又一个”，符合语境，故填another。
剩余备选词thanks to意为“多亏、由于”，全文没有对应的逻辑语境，为多余项。
【答案】
1. arrived
2. safest
3. scared
4. whole
5. another
【知识点】
动词时态，形容词最高级，词义辨析
【点评】
本题结合灾害访谈的生活化语境考查词汇运用，解题核心思路是先把握全文大意，再结合空格前后的语法提示（如谓语位置、定冠词the提示最高级、be动词后接形容词等）快速缩小可选范围，再结合上下文逻辑验证即可，能有效锻炼学生在语境中灵活使用单词的能力。
【难度系数】
0.8