2026年通成学典课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版江苏专版第69页解析答案

第二节核心素养社会主义先进文化阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。(每小题1分,共5分)
Lan Lan, a student of Grade Seven in Lushan, was taking a drawing class in a tent on April 23, 2013. Guess what she drew—a house with wings. When the teacher asked why she did so, Lan said if her house could fly, it wouldn't fall down in an earthquake.
Lan's hometown was hit by a strong earthquake on April 20. At least 196 people were killed and more than 11,000 people got hurt. Many people became homeless. 11.

Lots of money was sent there to help all those in need.
Although we can't stop an earthquake from happening, we can use some methods to keep safe. During an earthquake, do not jump out of tall buildings because it is very dangerous. 12.

If there is no safe place for hiding, you can also stay by a wall, and cover your head and neck with your arms and hands. 13.

Japan is a country which lies on the earthquake belt(地震带). From a very young age, the Japanese are already taught how to survive. 14.

Almost in every Japanese family you can find a survival kit with a flashlight(手电筒), a radio, water and enough food for several days. 15.

"There should be more safety education at schools in our country," said an education expert in Beijing.
A. Tell me more about the earthquake.
B. Students often receive earthquake education.
C. This helps people to stay alive after an earthquake.
D. You can cover your head and neck under a strong table or desk.
E. And then you must keep calm and stay there until the shaking stops.
F. Soldiers and doctors quickly arrived, saving people and rebuilding homes.

答案：11. F 根据“Lan's hometown was hit by a strong earthquake ...Many people became homeless.”以及“Lots of money was sentthere to help all those in need.”可知,此处需要衔接震后救援的内容,士兵和医生赶赴灾区救人、重建家园符合语境。
12. D 根据“During an earthquake, do not jump out of tallbuildings ... If there is no safe place for hiding”可知,前文讲地震中不能跳楼,后文讲没有藏身之处时的做法,故本句应介绍有安全藏身之处的做法,即躲在坚固的桌椅下护住头颈。
13. E 本句承接上文,说明躲在墙边后的做法——保持冷静,待在原地直到震动停止。
14. B 根据“Japan is a country which lies on the earthquakebelt. From a very young age, the Japanese are already taughthow to survive.”可知,此处承接日本的防震教育,说明学生经常接受地震相关的安全教育。
15. C 根据“Almost in every Japanese family you can find asurvival kit with a flashlight, a radio, water and enough food forseveral days.”可知,本句说明救生包的作用——帮助人们在地震后存活下来。

解析：

【分析】
这是一篇英语语篇补全类的六选五题型，解题时首先要通读全文，梳理文章的叙事主线：文章先以芦山地震中一名七年级学生画带翅膀的房子的小故事引入，介绍地震造成的危害，随后讲解地震发生时的正确避险方法，再介绍日本的成熟防震经验，最后提出国内需要加强校园安全教育。解题的核心思路是逐空定位前后文的逻辑关联，按照事件发展顺序、操作流程顺序匹配对应选项，排除完全不符合叙事逻辑的多余选项即可。
【解析】
11. 空前内容介绍芦山强地震造成大量人员伤亡、很多民众流离失所，空后提到大量善款物资被送往灾区帮扶困难群众，空处需要填入震后救援环节的过渡内容，F选项“士兵和医生迅速抵达，救助民众、重建家园”符合前后救援链条的逻辑，衔接自然。
12. 本段核心介绍地震发生时的正确避险操作，空前明确指出地震时不能从高楼跳下，该行为十分危险，空后说明如果没有合适躲藏位置时的应对方法，空处需要填入有安全躲藏位置时的操作指引，D选项“你可以躲在坚固的桌子或书桌下方护住头和颈部”符合避险操作的先后逻辑。
13. 前文已经介绍了两种地震中的躲藏操作：躲在坚固桌椅下、靠墙边护住头颈部，空处承接躲藏动作之后的后续要求，E选项“之后你必须保持冷静，待在原地直到震动停止”是完整避险流程的收尾步骤，衔接通顺。
14. 本段介绍日本的防震经验，空前说明日本地处地震带，民众从小就会学习地震求生技能，空后提到几乎每个日本家庭都配备求生包，空处需要衔接民众接受防震教育的具体体现，B选项“学生经常接受地震相关教育”符合语境逻辑。
15. 空前介绍日本家庭配备的求生包包含手电筒、收音机、可供多日使用的水和食物，空处需要说明这类配置的实际作用，C选项“这能帮助人们在地震发生后存活下来”对应求生包的功能，逻辑匹配。多余选项A“告诉我更多关于地震的信息”完全不符合上下文的叙事逻辑，直接排除。
【答案】
11. F 12. D 13. E 14. B 15. C
【知识点】
语篇逻辑衔接，阅读补全技巧，防震安全常识
【点评】
本题结合芦山地震的真实背景，融入生命安全教育的核心素养导向，命题兼具知识性和教育意义，重点考察学生梳理上下文逻辑关系的能力，不需要过高的词汇积累，按照事件发展、操作流程的常规顺序就可以完成匹配，学生解题后还能掌握正确的地震避险方法。
【难度系数】
0.7

四、用方框中所给单词或短语填空(其中有一个是多余的)。(每小题1分,共5分)
heavily including stay safe and sound silent practising
1. — Helen, I didn't see you in the classroom at five yesterday afternoon.
— Oh, I was

practising

singing for the graduation ceremony at that time.
2. Six people were killed in the accident,

including

a baby.
3. After the heavy rain had stopped, the hikers returned home

safe and sound

.
4. The rain beat against the window

heavily

last night. The sound made me unable to sleep.
5. Because of the horrible tsunami, the government warned all the tourists to

stay

indoors to keep safe.

答案：1. practising
2. including
3. safe and sound
4. heavily
5. stay

解析：

【分析】
解题时我们可以按以下步骤思考：1. 先梳理方框内所有备选词汇的词性、含义和用法：practising（动词现在分词，练习）、including（介词，包括）、stay（动词原形，停留）、safe and sound（固定短语，安然无恙）、silent（形容词，沉默的）、heavily（副词，猛烈地、沉重地），明确有1个多余干扰项。2. 逐句分析句子的时态，判断空缺处所需的词性，再结合语境语义匹配最合适的词汇，最后验证选完后剩余的词汇确实无法适配任何句子，就可以完成作答。
【解析】
1. 句意：——海伦，我昨天下午五点没在教室看到你。——哦我那时候正在为毕业典礼练习唱歌。本句是过去进行时，结构为was+现在分词，结合空后singing和“为典礼做准备”的语境，填入practising。
2. 句意：这场事故中有6人遇难，包括一名婴儿。此处需要介词引出包含的对象，符合语义的是including。
3. 句意：大雨停了之后，徒步旅行者们安然无恙地回了家。此处需要描述主语回家的状态的短语，符合“平安归家”语义的是safe and sound。
4. 句意：昨晚雨猛烈地敲打着窗户，声音让我睡不着觉。此处需要副词修饰动词beat（击打），用来描述雨势很大的状态，填入heavily。
5. 句意：因为可怕的海啸，政府警告所有游客待在室内保证安全。此处是固定搭配warn sb to do sth，to后接动词原形，结合“留在室内”的语义，填入stay。
最终剩余的词汇silent无法适配任何句子，符合题干有一个多余项的要求。
【答案】
1. practising
2. including
3. safe and sound
4. heavily
5. stay
【知识点】
选词填空，词性辨析，语境语义
【点评】
本题是初中英语基础选词填空题，覆盖了过去进行时、介词用法、副词修饰动词、固定短语等多个基础考点，解题核心是先通过语法判断空缺处的词性，再结合语境筛选匹配，做完后可以反向验证剩余词汇是否完全不符合句子要求，避免误选干扰项。
【难度系数】
0.7