2026年通成学典课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版江苏专版第43页解析答案

六、核心素养学习能力阅读理解。
主题群:生活与学习子主题:学习方法语篇类型:说明文难度:★★★
A tree has roots(根). People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It's the same thing with words. Dig deep into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives(侦探). The first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes or suffixes can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them and you will have the word-building power. But root words are the key. Take the time to learn a few of these and then put them in your memory.
Let's look at one common root word used in English. "Alter" from the Latin word means "other". When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with "other". Examine the word "alternate". Can you find the Latin root in it?
- If you and your friend eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You alternate in paying.
- If you go to the movies on alternate Saturd

, you go on one Saturday, but not on the next Saturday.
- If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as you can in the language you are studying. Then use your "rooting for words" skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work make a big difference.
1. What does the underlined word "it" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. The situation.
B. A second language.
C. Everything that is known.
D. A new and difficult word.
2. (创新考法·行文方式)How does the author explain his ideas about root words?
A. By telling an interesting story.
B. By listing some numbers.
C. By giving the readers an example.
D. By asking and answering a question.
3. What is the best title for the passage?
A. The Power of Root Words
B. The Art of Detective Reading
C. The Exploration of the Latin Roots
D. Deep Research into the Word "Alter"

答案：1. D 代词指代题。根据 The first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation 可知，遇到新的、难的单词时，要做的第一件事是判断情况，故此处it指代"一个新的、难的单词"。
2. C 行文方式题。根据第四段内容可知，作者通过举例来解释他对词根的看法。
3. A 标题归纳题。本文介绍词根对学习语言的重要性。

解析：

【分析】
这是一篇介绍英语词根学习法的说明文，解题时可以分题型逐个突破：
1. 第一题是代词指代题，做这类题首先定位代词所在的句子，向前追溯上下文的逻辑，找到代词指代的核心对象，结合句子含义判断it指代的内容，排除不符合逻辑的干扰选项。
2. 第二题是行文方式题，需要跳出文章的内容细节，梳理作者阐述观点的整体逻辑，判断作者使用的论证手法，对比选项匹配对应的写作方式。
3. 第三题是标题归纳题，需要抓住全文的核心主题，排除只覆盖局部内容的片面选项，选出最能概括全文主旨的答案。
【解析】
1. 定位第二段划线it所在的原句："The first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge (判断) the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means." 结合语境逻辑，遇到陌生难词时，我们查看所有已知信息，目的是借助这些信息搞懂这个生词的含义，因此it指代前文提到的"a new and difficult word"，对应选项D。
2. 梳理全文论证逻辑：作者提出词根是理解生词的关键之后，专门选取拉丁语词根"alter"作为典型案例，搭配三个包含该词根衍生词的例句来讲解词根的作用，全程没有讲述故事、罗列数字，也没有使用自问自答的结构，是通过举例子的方式阐述观点，对应选项C。
3. 归纳全文主旨：文章开篇用树有根类比单词也有词根，核心是介绍词根在语言学习中的强大作用，引导学生掌握通过词根理解生词的学习方法。选项B的"侦探阅读"只是作者用来类比读者身份的比喻，并非核心主题；选项C的拉丁词根、选项D的单词"Alter"都只是作者用来举例的局部内容，过于片面，只有A选项最贴合全文主旨。
【答案】
1. D 2. C 3. A
【知识点】
代词指代判断，说明文行文逻辑，主旨大意归纳
【点评】
本题贴合"学习方法"的主题，既考察常规阅读理解题型的解题能力，也能引导学生掌握利用词根理解记忆单词的实用学习技巧，其中行文方式的创新考法要求学生跳出内容细节，关注作者的整体写作逻辑，能有效锻炼学生的语篇把控能力。
【难度系数】
0.7