零五网 全部参考答案 随堂反馈 2026年综合素质随堂反馈八年级英语下册译林版常州专版 第75页解析答案
四、阅读理解
Since the Zhou Dynasty, a complete etiquette system has been set. Today, many of these rules are not as strict as before. However, some are still followed on important occasions and are thought as examples of good manners.
Walking Etiquette
In ancient China, while walking with someone with higher status or an old person, one should lower head, and walk a little bit behind them. If three people walk together, the elder or a teacher should be in the middle. One should bow down and walk fast using smaller steps when passing by an elder or a teacher.

Sitting Etiquette and Seating Rules
Everyone should be sitting in a proper position at dining tables. It is based on their titles, ranks, or age. If someone doesn't know the exact position, they should wait and follow the host's lead. The best seat is the one that faces the south or the door. Hosts usually sit next to the door.

Bow and Fist-and-Palm Salute
Bow, known as zuoyi in Chinese, means having their hands folded in front in different ways. Today, however, the simplest zuoyi is good enough, as well as nodding, smiling, and handshaking.

The Fist-and-Palm Salute, is another type of zuoyi, with the right hand's fist covered by the left hand. It first appeared in the army when people holding weapons wanted to show respect for others. So, people always used the left hand to cover the right hand that held weapons.
(
A
) 1. In ancient China, which place should your teacher be when walking with you and your classmate?
A. In the middle. B. On the left. C. On the right. D. At the back.
(
B
) 2. Where can we put the sentence "The seating order is still widely used in family and business dinners." in the passage?
A. ① B. ② C. ③ D. ④
(
B
) 3. Which of the following pictures correctly shows "the Fist-and-Palm Salute"?

A. B. C. D.
(
C
) 4. Why is the underlined sentence included in the last paragraph?
A. To give an example. B. To set the order.
C. To add more information. D. To show a result.
(
A
) 5. What may the writer talk about in the following paragraph?
A. Another kind of Chinese etiquette.
B. Another kind of Western etiquette.
C. Differences among the three kinds of etiquette.
D. Differences between Chinese and Western etiquette.
答案:1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇介绍中国传统礼仪的说明类阅读理解,解题时首先通读全文,梳理出行走礼仪、座次礼仪、作揖与抱拳礼三个核心板块的内容,之后结合每道题的题干要求回原文定位对应段落,通过细节比对、逻辑匹配、上下文衔接分析逐一选出正确答案:第1题直接定位行走礼仪的细节描述,第2题先明确待插入句子的核心主题,匹配对应段落的空白位置,第3题结合抱拳礼的文字描述匹配对应图示,第4题分析划线句和前文的逻辑关系判断作用,第5题结合全文的行文脉络推断后续内容。
【解析】
1. 细节理解题。根据Walking Etiquette部分的原文"If three people walk together, the elder or a teacher should be in the middle."可知,三人同行时老师应当走在中间,对应选项A。
2. 语句还原题。待插入句子"The seating order is still widely used in family and business dinners."的核心主题是座次规则的实际应用,对应"Sitting Etiquette and Seating Rules"板块的内容,空白②位于该板块段首,放在此处可以自然引出后文餐桌座次的具体规则,衔接最合理,对应选项B。
3. 细节理解题。根据最后一段对抱拳礼的描述"The Fist-and-Palm Salute, is another type of zuoyi, with the right hand's fist covered by the left hand."可知,抱拳礼是左手覆盖住右手握拳的姿态,对应选项B。
4. 推理判断题。划线句补充解释了抱拳礼用左手覆盖持武器的右手的由来,是对抱拳礼相关背景的额外补充信息,对应选项C。
5. 推理判断题。全文围绕中国传统礼仪展开,目前仅介绍了行走、座次、作揖抱拳三类礼仪,行文逻辑是逐一介绍不同的传统礼仪,因此接下来最可能介绍另一种中国传统礼仪,对应选项A。
【答案】
1.A 2.B 3.B 4.C 5.A
【知识点】
细节信息定位,语篇逻辑推断,文化常识理解
【点评】
本题属于传统文化主题的阅读理解,覆盖了常见的细节理解、语句还原、推理判断等题型,既考察学生的文本信息提取能力,也渗透了中国传统礼仪文化的相关知识,整体难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7
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