四、请认真阅读下面短文,从短文后所给的六个选项中选出五个可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Earth Day,which falls on April 22,is a day to call on more people to protect the natural world. The theme in 2024 “Planet(行星)vs. Plastics” is especially important because plastic is harming our environment in many ways. Plastic doesn’t break down easily. 1.
E
To fight against plastic pollution,we all need to do something.
Governments can make rules to limit the use of plastic and encourage people to recycle plastic. Businesses should find ways to use less plastic or use recycled plastic instead. International cooperation(合作)is of great importance,as many environmental problems need worldwide support. 2.
F
Schools can help too. 3.
D
By taking part in activities like zero-waste events at school,we will be more likely to make proper choices in our daily life. We can also share what we know with our friends and families.
4.
A
We are advised to use reusable shopping bags and glass bottles instead of plastic ones. It’s a good idea to try to buy something without a lot of plastic packaging(包装). Even small changes can be helpful.
Earth Day is a perfect chance to have our voice heard. 5.
C
Let’s work together towards a greener world.
A. We students can make a difference.
B. This simple habit can reduce our plastic waste.
C. Remember that every little bit helps to protect the Earth for the future.
D. They can teach students the harm of plastic pollution and lead students to take action.
E. This means it can stay in the environment for a very long time,harming animals and plants.
F. By working together,countries can share knowledge and resources to make a better world.
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇六选五的阅读补全类题型,核心主题是地球日号召大家共同应对塑料污染。解题时首先通读全文,梳理文章的行文逻辑:先引出塑料污染的危害,再分别从政府、企业、国际合作、学校、个人层面给出减塑的举措,最后发出共同环保的号召。接下来逐空定位前后文的关键信息,通过指代关系、话题一致性、语义顺承的逻辑匹配选项:第一空前文提到塑料难以分解,要顺承讲难分解带来的后果;第二空前文核心是国际合作的重要性,要承接讲跨国协作的价值;第三空前文提到学校可以发挥作用,要对应讲学校的具体做法;第四空后文罗列了普通人日常减塑的具体行为,要引出个人层面的行动;第五空是文末号召部分,要呼应主旨升华主题,最后排除和上下文逻辑不匹配的多余选项即可得到答案。
【解析】
1. 空前句指出“塑料不容易分解”,E选项中This指代“塑料难以分解”的特性,顺承说明塑料会长期留存在环境中危害动植物,语义衔接自然,符合逻辑,故选E。
2. 空前句核心话题是“国际合作对解决环境问题十分重要,需要全球支持”,F选项承接该话题,说明各国协作可以共享知识和资源,共同建设更美好的世界,完全对应前文的国际合作相关表述,故选F。
3. 空前句提到“学校也可以提供帮助”,D选项中They指代前文的学校,具体说明学校可以向学生科普塑料污染的危害、引导学生采取行动,正好引出后文学校举办零浪费活动等内容,衔接通顺,故选D。
4. 空后段落全部介绍学生个人在日常生活中可以践行的减塑小举措,A选项“我们学生也可以发挥作用”作为该段的总起句,自然引出下文的个人行动建议,故选A。
5. 空前后分别提到地球日是发声的好机会、号召大家共同建设更绿色的世界,C选项“记住每一点微小的努力都有助于为后代保护地球”呼应全文“小行动汇聚大力量”的核心,起到承上启下的号召作用,故选C。
多余选项B提到“这个简单的习惯可以减少塑料垃圾”,全文没有对应指代的特定前文习惯,不符合语境,故排除。
【答案】
1~5. EFDAC
【知识点】
阅读补全,逻辑衔接,语篇理解
【点评】
本题选材贴合环保热点,行文逻辑清晰,各个空的提示信息明确,重点考查学生对语篇上下文逻辑关系的把握能力,学生只要抓住每段的论述主体,通过指代、话题匹配就能快速选出正确答案,同时也能在解题过程中建立减塑环保的意识。
【难度系数】
0.7