二、词汇运用。
These days,cities are becoming greener. There are many ways of 1.
making
(make)cities greener and we’ll look into two of them.
Green buildings Have you ever seen green buildings? They are different from the other buildings around. These buildings are 2.
covered
(cover)with many different kinds of plants,unlike most other buildings in cities.
What are the good points of having plants on buildings? First,the buildings with plants are 3.
more beautiful
(beautiful)than others. Second,just as we find silence in nature,the plants help us to feel calm. Third,plant-covered buildings are good for 4.
our
(we)health.
City farming Nowadays,more and more people are becoming city farmers and they often grow enough food 5.
to feed
(feed)their whole family. They grow fruits and vegetables on their rooftops(屋顶)or in their empty yards. This can help save energy and reduce air 6.
pollution
(pollute). City farming is a 7.
meaningful
(meaning)job for them. It can also help improve the relationships among people in the neighbourhood. While 8.
working
(work)together on their farms,people become friends 9.
easily
(easy). As a city grows bigger,it will need more food. Recently,some cities 10.
have started
(start)city farming projects already.
解析:
【分析】
做这类提示词型词汇运用题,首先要先通读全文,把握文章介绍城市绿化两种方式的整体语境,之后逐个分析每个空格所在句子的语法结构:先判断空格处需要的词性、对应的语法规则,再结合提示词进行正确变形,最后代入全文检查语句是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。比如看到介词后要想到接动名词,看到than要想到用比较级,看到already要想到现在完成时,一步步推导就能得到正确答案。
【解析】
1. 空格前是介词of,介词后接动词时必须使用动名词形式,make的动名词形式为making,因此填making。
2. 此处是固定被动搭配be covered with,意为“被……覆盖”,符合“建筑被各类植物覆盖”的语义,cover的过去分词为covered,因此填covered。
3. 空格后出现比较级的标志性词than,多音节形容词beautiful的比较级形式为more beautiful,因此填more beautiful。
4. 空格后是名词health,需要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词,人称代词we对应的形容词性物主代词是our,因此填our。
5. 此处是固定结构enough + 名词 + to do sth,不定式作目的状语,表达“种出足够的食物来养活全家”的含义,因此填to feed。
6. 空格前的及物动词reduce后需要接名词作宾语,动词pollute的名词形式是pollution,air pollution意为“空气污染”,因此填pollution。
7. 空格后是名词job,需要用形容词修饰名词,名词meaning对应的形容词meaningful意为“有意义的”,因此填meaningful。
8. 此处是while引导的时间状语的省略结构,从句主语和主句主语一致,且主语people和work是主动关系,省略主语和be动词后直接用现在分词working,因此填working。
9. 空格处用于修饰动词become,需要使用副词作状语,形容词easy对应的副词形式是easily,因此填easily。
10. 句中出现现在完成时的标志词already,主语some cities是复数,现在完成时结构为have+动词过去分词,start的过去分词是started,因此填have started。
【答案】
1. making 2. covered 3. more beautiful 4. our 5. to feed 6. pollution 7. meaningful 8. working 9. easily 10. have started
【知识点】
词类转换,非谓语动词,时态与固定搭配
【点评】
本题是初中英语典型的词汇运用题型,综合覆盖了初中阶段核心的词法、句法基础考点,既考察学生对各类固定搭配的记忆,也要求学生具备基本的句子成分分析能力,整体考点分布均衡,适合用来检验学生对基础语法变形规则的掌握程度。
【难度系数】
0.6