四、短文填空
Water overflows(溢出)onto dry land and a flood happens. People were usually in fear and had to get away if the river 1. (
flooded
)(flood)their home in the past. Later,smart Chinese people started to build dams(堤坝)2. (
to protect
)(protect)the lands from river flooding.
Floods can be dangerous. They often leave the villages or towns in 3.
a
terrible state. People may be 4. (
trapped
)(trap)in a place for days without food. 5.
However
,floods are not always bad. When muddy floodwater goes down,it sometimes leaves a layer(层)of wet earth(泥土). People in the past grew their crops,like rice and corn 6.
by
using the wet earth.
Most often flooding is caused by heavy rain. After the rain,the ground becomes full of water,and new rainwater runs off,or flows downhill. The extra(多余的)water makes the water level(水位线)rise. If the level 7. (
rises
)(rise)too much,a flood will happen.
Flash floods(暴洪)are the most serious kind of flood. They are caused by sudden heavy rainfall or a 8. (
broken
)(break)dam. They happen very 9. (
quickly
)(quick)and can catch people before they are able to get away. Flash floods often happen in hilly countries or around dry riverbeds. In a flash flood,a completely dry riverbed can fill in 10.
minutes
(minute).
解析：
翻译:
### 四、短文填空
水溢出到干地上，洪水就发生了。在过去，如果河流**淹没**（flood）了他们的家，人们通常会感到恐惧，不得不逃离。后来，聪明的中国人开始修建堤坝**以保护**（protect）土地免受河流洪水的侵害。
洪水可能很危险。它们常常使村庄或城镇处于**一种**（a）糟糕的状态。人们可能会被困在一个地方好几天没有食物。**然而**（However），洪水并不总是坏事。当浑浊的洪水退去时，有时会留下一层湿土。过去的人们**通过**（by）利用湿土种植庄稼，比如水稻和玉米。
大多数情况下，洪水是由暴雨引起的。雨后，地面充满了水，新的雨水会流走，或者顺坡而下。多余的水使水位**上升**（rise）。如果水位上升得太多，就会发生洪水。
暴洪是最严重的一种洪水。它们是由突然的暴雨或**破裂的**（break）堤坝引起的。它们发生得非常**快**（quick），人们还没来得及逃离就会被其困住。暴洪经常发生在多山的国家或干涸的河床附近。在暴洪中，一条完全干涸的河床可以在**几分钟内**（minute）被填满。
