五、阅读理解
Recently,scientists have already found out how and why earthquakes happen.

Long ago,people believed that the earth was solid(固态的),but today,scientists know that the earth is made up of layers(层).
The centre of the earth is called the core(地核). The core is very hot. The inner core is a solid ball made of iron(铁),and the outer core is made of iron that can flow(流动)slowly.
The mantle(地幔)around the core is made of very hot rock. The lower part of the mantle is soft and can move very slowly. The mantle makes up most of the earth.
The top layer of the earth is called the crust(地壳),and is made of rock. It is the thinnest of all the earth's layers. It is the thinnest under the sea and much thicker under the land.
The crust and the upper part of the mantle are made up of very big,plate-like pieces of rock that move slowly on the lower part of the mantle,so
they are always moving. Most of the time,the pieces are moving so slowly that people cannot feel them.
These big pieces of rock are called tectonic plates(构造板块). They are in different sizes,and each one has a name. When the plates meet,they can move in different directions,go past each other,or push against each other until part of one plate is under the other.
The movements of the plates make the earth's crust break(断裂). These broken places are called faults(地质断层). Some faults are easy to see. Most faults don't move,but the plates keep moving slowly. Over time,this causes stress(压力)in the rocks.
When the stress is too much for the rocks,they break suddenly along the fault. This kind of shaking runs out in all directions,and makes the ground shake. This is an earthquake,and it is why most earthquakes happen near the sides of tectonic plates.
(
B
)1. How many layers are there in the earth according to the text?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 6.
(
B
)2. The following sentences are describing(描述)______.
“I am now in the deep earth and made of hot iron. After going through the layer made of hot rock,you can find me flowing softly like water.”
A. inner core
B. outer core
C. mantle
D. crust
(
B
)3. What does “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to(指代)?
A. Layers of the earth.
B. Big and plate-like pieces of rock.
C. The lower part of the mantle.
D. The upper part of the mantle.
(
D
)4. Which is the main idea of the text?
A. What an earthquake is.
B. Results of earthquakes.
C. Movements of tectonic plates.
D. How and why earthquakes happen.