七、阅读短文,完成思维导图,每空一词。
Dolphins are grey and white. They are clever (聪明的) and friendly. Many people like them very much.
Dolphins live in the sea, but they have to come out of the water to breathe (呼吸). There is a hole (孔) in the head. They can breathe through the hole.
Dolphins live in big groups (群). They swim together. They help each other. They talk by making special sounds.
Dolphins can swim very fast. They move their tails up and down.
Let’s make friends with dolphins!

答案:【解析】:我们对照短文内容逐空定位答案:
1. 短文第一句明确提到"Dolphins are grey and white.",因此此处填white;
2. 短文第一段第二句写明"They are clever and friendly.",因此此处填friendly;
3. 短文第二段说明"There is a hole in the head. They can breathe through the hole.",因此海豚是通过头上的孔呼吸,此处填head;
4. 短文第三段提到"Dolphins live in big groups.",因此海豚生活在大的群体中,此处填big;
5. 对应内容描述海豚上下摆动尾巴的动作,和短文第四段介绍海豚游泳的特点对应,此处标题是说明海豚如何游泳,填swim。
【答案】:1. white
2. friendly
3. head
4. big
5. swim
解析:
【分析】
本题是阅读信息匹配题,解题思路为:先明确每个空对应的思维导图板块主题,再带着问题到短文中定位对应内容,逐空查找匹配的原文细节词汇,确保每空仅填一词。
【解析】
1. 对应“What they are like”板块,原文第一句提到“Dolphins are grey and white.”,故填white;
2. 同板块,原文第一段第二句写明“They are clever and friendly.”,故填friendly;
3. 对应“How they breathe”板块,原文第二段说明“There is a hole in the head. They can breathe through the hole.”,故填head;
4. 对应“How they live”板块,原文第三段提到“Dolphins live in big groups.”,故填big;
5. 对应最后一个板块,描述海豚上下摆尾的动作,原文第四段介绍海豚的游泳方式,故填swim。
【答案】
1. white 2. friendly 3. head 4. big 5. swim
【知识点】
阅读理解(细节查找)
【点评】
本题为基础阅读细节匹配题,考查学生从短文中提取特定信息的能力,难度较低,适合巩固基础阅读技巧。
【难度系数】
0.7