2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语上册译林版宿迁专版第54页解析答案

五、阅读短文，在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
Cai Lun was known as one of the greatest inventors in ancient China during the Han Dynasty. He changed the world by creating paper. Before 1 (he) wonderful creation, people had to use heavy bamboo to write.
2 Cai Lun worked as an official(官员) in the Royal Palace, he noticed this big problem and decided to solve it. He spent many years practising 3 (do) many experiments(实验) with different things like tree bark(树皮), old clothes and fishing nets. And 4 (luck), he finally succeeded in making the first real paper in 105 AD(公元105 年). His invention surprised everyone and left a far-reaching influence(深远的影响) on Chinese people because it 5 (be) light and cheap. It also made books easier and 6 (cheap) to produce.
The emperor was so pleased that he asked Cai Lun 7 (improve) the method further. Soon, paper-making workshops in many cities across the country spread this technology. Because of Cai Lun's hard 8 (work), it allowed people to share knowledge more widely than before.
Today, we use paper every day for books, newspapers and many other things in our modern life. It has become 9 important part of our daily life. But we should remember how difficult its success is and thank Cai Lun 10 never giving up.
1.

10.

答案：1. his 2. When/While 3. doing 4. luckily 5. was
6. cheaper 7. to improve 8. work 9. an 10. for

解析：

【分析】
本题为英语短文填空，需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配解题：1. 修饰名词需用形容词性物主代词；2. 引导时间状语从句表“当……时”；3. 考查固定搭配practice doing sth；4. 修饰整个句子需用副词；5. 结合时态确定be动词形式；6. 由并列结构的比较级确定形容词形式；7. 考查固定搭配ask sb to do sth；8. 固定短语hard work中work为不可数名词；9. 元音音素开头的单词前用不定冠词an；10. 考查固定搭配thank sb for doing sth。
【解析】
1. 空格后是名词creation，需用形容词性物主代词修饰，故填his；
2. 此处引导时间状语从句，表“当蔡伦在皇宫任官员时”，可填When或While；
3. 固定搭配practice doing sth（练习做某事），故填doing；
4. 此处修饰整个句子，需用副词，luck的副词形式是luckily，故填luckily；
5. 全文为一般过去时，主语it是第三人称单数，be动词用was，故填was；
6. and连接并列成分，由前面的easier可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填cheaper；
7. 固定搭配ask sb to do sth（要求某人做某事），故填to improve；
8. hard work是固定短语，意为“努力工作”，work在此为不可数名词，故填work；
9. important以元音音素/ɪ/开头，表泛指“一个重要部分”，用不定冠词an，故填an；
10. 固定搭配thank sb for doing sth（因某事感谢某人），故填for。
【答案】
1. his 2. When/While 3. doing 4. luckily 5. was 6. cheaper 7. to improve 8. work 9. an 10. for
【知识点】
物主代词、固定搭配、形容词比较级
【点评】
本题围绕蔡伦造纸的历史短文展开，考查初中英语核心语法（物主代词、时态、冠词）、固定搭配及词性转换，是常见的短文填空题型，难度适中，需学生结合语境运用基础语法规则解题。
【难度系数】
0.6

六、完形填空。
I started to love running at a young age. I loved to race against my father and my sister in the backyard. I wished I could run in the Olympics and

win

lots of prizes.
One day, my mother saw an ad for a race in a newspaper. “Would you be interested in this race?” she asked

, pointing to the ad. “Yes, of course,” I answered. So I started to practise for my big

race

.
On the day of the race, just ______ the race, my father said to me, “Don’t use up all your energy at the beginning of the race. You need to save energy and then you can run much ______ at the end of the race.”
The race began. Following

Dad's

words, I didn’t run as fast as I could. Then the other

runners

started passing me. I began to feel

tired

. And I started slowing down and breathing harder. Just at that moment, I heard, “

Come on

, Kelly! You can do it! Don’t give up. Keep running!” Out of the corner of my eye, I saw Dad

running

beside me around the outside of the track. I took a deep breath and

tried

my best to go on running.
I didn’t win the race. I came fifth.

But

I had done my best, and I hadn’t given up.
Later, as I thought about the race, I felt thankful that my dad

never

left my side. He always encourages me when I

feel like

giving up. He runs beside me through my life. I’ll

remember

my dad’s words forever, “Never give up. You can be a winner, even if you lose.”
(

)1. A. find B. see C. lose D. win
(

)2. A. him B. me C. us D. her
(

)3. A. race B. party C. holiday D. meeting
(

)4. A. when B. before C. after D. during
(

)5. A. easier B. faster C. higher D. slower
(

)6. A. the son's B. the daughter's C. Dad's D. Mum's
(

)7. A. singers B. runners C. performers D. reporters
(

)8. A. tired B. serious C. comfortable D. unhappy
(

)9. A. Come down B. Come on C. Come out D. Come back
(

)10. A. driving B. flying C. running D. jumping
(

)11. A. tried B. waited C. reached D. kept
(

)12. A. And B. So C. But D. Or
(

)13. A. always B. usually C. sometimes D. never
(

)14. A. feel like B. keep on C. would like D. try to
(

)15. A. study B. forget C. remember D. show

答案：1. D 【点拨】find找到,发现;see看见;lose丢失;win赢得。此处表示赢得许多奖。故选D。
2. B 【点拨】根据“‘Yes, of course,’ I answered.”可知,妈妈是在问“我”。故选B。
3. A 【点拨】根据“One day, my mother saw an ad for a race in a newspaper.”及“Yes, of course”可知,“我”开始为比赛练习。故选A。
4. B 【点拨】根据下文“The race began.”可知,爸爸是在比赛开始前嘱咐“我”的。故选B。
5. B 【点拨】much faster快得多。故选B。
6. C 【点拨】根据第三段可知,爸爸在比赛前嘱咐了“我”很多,比赛时“我”是按照爸爸的话,没有一开始就尽可能快地跑。故选C。
7. B 【点拨】根据“I didn't run as fast as I could”可知,这是跑步比赛。故选B。
8. A 【点拨】根据“And I started slowing down and breathing harder.”可知,“我”觉得累了。故选A。
9. B 【点拨】根据“You can do it! Don't give up.”可知,爸爸在给“我”加油。故选B。
10. C 【点拨】此处是指看到爸爸正在“我”身边跑着。故选C。
11. A 【点拨】try one's best to do sth尽某人最大的努力做某事。故选A。
12. C 【点拨】分析语境可知,前后文是转折关系。故选C。
13. D 【点拨】根据“I saw Dad running beside me around the outside of the track.”可知,父亲一直在陪“我”跑步,没有离开过“我”。故选D。
14. A 【点拨】此处是说当“我”想要放弃的时候,爸爸总是鼓励“我”。feel like doing sth想要做某事。故选A。
15. C 【点拨】根据上下文可知,此处是指作者会永远记得父亲的话。故选C。

解析：

【分析】
做完形填空需遵循“通读全文把握主旨→逐空结合语境/词汇/逻辑分析→验证答案”的思路：先通读短文，明确文章围绕作者热爱跑步、参加比赛获父亲鼓励的经历展开；再针对每道题，结合上下文语境、词汇辨析、固定搭配、逻辑关系等逐一筛选选项，确保答案符合文意。
【解析】
1. 考查动词辨析。find意为“找到”，see意为“看见”，lose意为“丢失”，win意为“赢得”。前文提到想参加奥运会，此处表示“赢得许多奖项”，故选D。
2. 考查代词辨析。根据后文“‘Yes, of course,’ I answered”可知，妈妈询问的是“我”，故选B。
3. 考查名词辨析。由前文“妈妈看到比赛广告、我答应参赛”可知，“我”开始为比赛练习，故选A。
4. 考查连词辨析。根据下文“The race began”可知，爸爸是在比赛前嘱咐“我”，故选B。
5. 考查副词比较级。此处表示“节省能量，最后能跑得更快”，much修饰比较级faster，故选B。
6. 考查名词所有格。根据第三段爸爸赛前的嘱咐，可知“我”是按照爸爸的话执行，故选C。
7. 考查名词辨析。由“跑步比赛”语境可知，其他跑步者超过“我”，故选B。
8. 考查形容词辨析。由“减速、呼吸困难”可知，“我”感到疲惫，故选A。
9. 考查动词短语辨析。根据后文鼓励的话语，come on意为“加油”，符合语境，故选B。
10. 考查动词辨析。爸爸在跑道外陪着“我”跑步，故选C。
11. 考查固定搭配。try one’s best to do sth是固定搭配，意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，故选A。
12. 考查连词辨析。前文“没赢”和后文“尽力了、没放弃”是转折关系，故选C。
13. 考查副词辨析。由爸爸全程陪伴可知，他从未离开“我”身边，故选D。
14. 考查固定搭配。feel like doing sth意为“想要做某事”，此处指“想要放弃时”，故选A。
15. 考查动词辨析。根据语境，“我”会永远记住爸爸的话，故选C。
【答案】
1.D 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C 11.A 12.C 13.D 14.A 15.C
【知识点】
完形填空解题技巧、词汇辨析、语境理解
【点评】
本文是一篇贴近学生生活的记叙文，通过作者参加跑步比赛的经历，传递了坚持与鼓励的意义，既考查学生的阅读理解能力，又检验词汇运用和逻辑分析能力，难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6