零五网 全部参考答案 启东中学作业本 2026年启东中学作业本八年级英语上册译林版宿迁专版 第153页解析答案
一、根据句意及所给中文提示、英文解释或首字母,写出句中所缺单词。
1. My sister always feels
nervous
(紧张不安的)when she's in front of a group of people.
2. Open the window and let some fresh air in. There is too much
smoke
(烟)in the room.
3. This Labour Day holiday, my family visited Shanghai Disneyland, but the crowded people and
burning
(炽热的)heat made it a less pleasant trip.
4. Tom did something wrong again, and his mother's v
oice
rose angrily.
5. What terrible
thunder
(a loud noise you hear from the sky)and lightning! There'll be a storm.
答案:1. nervous 2. smoke 3. burning 4. voice 5. thunder
解析:
【分析】
本题为根据提示填单词的基础题型,需结合句子语境,匹配给出的中文释义、英文解释或首字母,确定单词的词性与正确形式,完成填空。
【解析】
1. 句意:我妹妹在众人面前总感到紧张不安。“紧张不安的”对应形容词nervous,符合语境。
2. 句意:开窗进新鲜空气,房间里有太多烟。“烟”对应不可数名词smoke,符合语境。
3. 句意:劳动节去上海迪士尼,拥挤的人群和炽热的高温让旅行不那么愉快。“炽热的”修饰名词heat,用形容词burning,符合语境。
4. 句意:汤姆又做错事,妈妈生气的声音提高了。首字母为v,结合语境,对应名词voice(声音),符合逻辑。
5. 句意:可怕的雷和闪电!会有风暴。英文解释为“从天空传来的巨响”,对应名词thunder(雷),符合语境。
【答案】
1. nervous 2. smoke 3. burning 4. voice 5. thunder
【知识点】
英语单词拼写,词汇运用
【点评】
本题考查基础核心词汇的运用,结合语境和提示即可完成,是英语学习中的基础题型,侧重日常词汇的积累与运用。
【难度系数】
0.8
二、根据句子意思,用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空。
1. I am
excited
(excite) to hear the true story.
2. I told myself
to calm
(calm) down after the earthquake.
3. The little boy
shook
(shake) the juice box happily before opening it to enjoy his drink.
4. It rained
heavily
(heavy) all night, so the streets were flooded.
5. In the car accident, only one person stayed
alive
(live). The others were all dead.
答案:1. excited 2. to calm 3. shook 4. heavily 5. alive
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语词汇形式填空题,需结合句子结构、固定搭配、词性要求及时态等知识点变形:1. 修饰人的感受需用-ed结尾的形容词;2. 考查固定搭配tell sb to do sth;3. 描述过去发生的动作需用动词过去式;4. 修饰动词需用副词;5. 考查固定搭配stay alive(系动词+形容词作表语)。
【解析】
1. 主语I指人,需用-ed形式的形容词修饰人的感受,excite的形容词形式为excited,故填excited;
2. 固定搭配tell sb to do sth意为“告诉某人做某事”,此处用动词不定式,故填to calm;
3. 句子描述过去发生的动作,谓语动词需用过去式,shake的过去式为shook,故填shook;
4. 修饰动词rained需用副词,heavy的副词形式是heavily,故填heavily;
5. 固定搭配stay alive意为“保持活着”,alive为形容词作表语,故填alive。
【答案】
excited; to calm; shook; heavily; alive
【知识点】
形容词变形、动词不定式、副词用法
【点评】
本题考查英语基础词汇的形式运用,涉及词性转换、固定搭配及时态等核心考点,是初中英语的基础题型,需学生熟练掌握常见搭配和变形规则。
【难度系数】
0.6
(
C
)1.(2025·江苏扬州·中考)Stress comes and goes. Sometimes you just need to
calm down
.

A.sit down
B.fall down
C.calm down
D.come down
答案:1. C 【点拨】sit down坐下;fall down摔倒;calm down冷静下来;come down下来。根据语境可知,有压力时需要静下心来。故选C。
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语动词短语辨析题,解题思路:第一步,准确识记每个选项中动词短语的含义;第二步,抓住题干关键语境“压力来来去去”,理解压力状态下的合理应对方式;第三步,匹配短语含义与语境,选出正确选项。
【解析】
逐一分析各选项短语:
A. sit down:意为“坐下”,不符合压力状态下的应对需求;
B. fall down:意为“摔倒”,语义与语境无关;
C. calm down:意为“冷静下来”,符合压力出现时需要平复情绪的语境;
D. come down:意为“下来;降落”,与语境不匹配。
结合题干语境,压力出现时需要冷静,因此选C。
【答案】
C
【知识点】
动词短语辨析;语境理解
【点评】
本题考查中考英语基础动词短语的词义辨析,难度较低,只要掌握常见短语含义并结合题干语境即可快速作答,属于易得分题。
【难度系数】
0.8
(
D
)2. They waited and waited, and
at last
he came back.

A.at once
B.at first
C.at least
D.at last
答案:2. D 【点拨】句意:他们等啊等,最后他回来了。at last最后。故选D。
解析:
【分析】首先理解句子语境:“他们等了又等,最后他回来了”,需要选择表示“最后”含义的短语。先明确每个选项的词义,再结合语境匹配最合适的选项。
【解析】选项A“at once”意为“立刻、马上”;选项B“at first”意为“起初、首先”;选项C“at least”意为“至少”;选项D“at last”意为“最后、终于”。结合前半句“They waited and waited(他们等啊等)”的语境,此处表达“最终回来”的含义,因此选D。
【答案】D
【知识点】英语短语辨析;语境理解
【点评】本题考查常用介词短语的词义辨析,需结合句子语境选择符合逻辑的短语,属于基础题型,注重词汇积累与语境运用。
【难度系数】0.7
( )3. At the beginning of the exam, it was hard for me to calm down. I could feel my heart ______ fast.

A.shaking
B.beating
C.jumping
D.running
答案:3. B 【点拨】空处所在句句意:我能感觉到心跳得很快。beat规律作响或运动。故选B。
解析:
【分析】本题为英语词义辨析题,解题思路:首先理解句子语境——考试开始时我难以冷静,能感觉到心脏快速______;接着分析各选项动词含义,结合“心脏跳动”的固定表达筛选;最后排除不符合语境的选项,确定正确答案。
【解析】句子意为:考试开始时,我很难冷静下来,我能感觉到我的心脏跳得很快。逐一分析选项:A. shaking意为“摇晃”,不符合心脏的动作;B. beating可指心脏等规律地跳动,符合语境;C. jumping意为“跳跃”,多形容人或物体的跳跃动作,不用于描述心脏;D. running意为“跑”,与心脏动作无关。因此选B。
【答案】B
【知识点】动词词义辨析;常用动词搭配
【点评】本题考查基础动词的词义辨析,核心是掌握表示“心脏跳动”的固定表达,属于英语基础考点,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
(
C
)4. Scared by the loud noise, the rabbits ran off
in
all directions.

A.on
B.at
C.in
D.by
答案:4. C 【点拨】句意:由于被巨大的响声吓着了,兔子们向四面八方跑去。in all directions向四面八方。故选C。
解析:
【分析】首先理解句子含义:被巨大的响声吓到,兔子们向四面八方跑去。本题考查介词的固定搭配,需回忆表示“向四面八方”的英语短语,常见搭配为in all directions,其他介词无法构成该正确短语,据此可确定答案。
【解析】该句意为“被巨大的响声吓到,兔子们向四面八方跑去”。“in all directions”是固定介词短语,意为“向四面八方”,是表达该含义的正确搭配;介词on、at、by均不能与all directions构成符合语境的固定搭配,因此选C。
【答案】C
【知识点】介词搭配;固定短语
【点评】本题考查基础的英语固定介词短语用法,属于识记类题目,难度较低,需要学生牢记常见的介词固定搭配。
【难度系数】0.7
(
C
)5. —I'm sorry that I shouted at you this morning.
Never mind
, but please don't get angry so often.

A.No way
B.My pleasure
C.Never mind
D.With pleasure
答案:5. C 【点拨】根据语境可知,空处是回答上句的道歉。故选C。
解析:
【分析】本题为英语情景交际题,需根据对话语境判断答语。上句是对方因早上大喊而道歉,因此答语应是回应道歉的表达,需逐一分析各选项的适用场景,选出符合语境的选项。
【解析】首先明确对话语境:前者向对方道歉(今早大喊),后者需回应道歉。分析选项:A项No way意为“没门”,不符合语境;B项My pleasure用于回答感谢,意为“不客气”,不适合回应道歉;C项Never mind意为“没关系”,用于回应他人的道歉,符合语境;D项With pleasure用于回应请求,意为“乐意效劳”,不符合。因此正确答案为C。
【答案】C
【知识点】情景交际、日常用语
【点评】本题考查日常情景交际中对道歉的应答,属于基础题型,需掌握常见交际用语的用法,难度较低。
【难度系数】0.8
四、阅读短文,在文中空白处填入1个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
A storm swept through two villages in New Territories, destroying(摧毁) fourteen
1
(house). Seven others were so badly damaged(破坏) that their owners had to
2
(leave) them, and fifteen others had broken windows or roofs(屋顶). One person was killed, several were
3
(bad) hurt and taken to hospital, and a number of other people were hurt too. Over two hundred people were
4
(home) after the storm.
A farmer, Mr Tan, said that
5
storm began early in the morning and lasted for over an hour. "I
6
(eat) with my wife and children when the storm came," he said. "A few minutes later, our house fell down. We tried our best
7
(climb) out but then I saw that one of my children was missing. I went back and found him, safe but scared."
Mrs Wu said that her husband had just left for work when she felt that her house was moving. She ran outside
8
once with her children. "There was no time to take anything," she said. "A few minutes later, the roof
9
(come) down."
Soldiers(士兵们) helped to take people to the safe place and brought them food, clothes
10
water.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

答案:1. houses 2. leave 3. badly 4. homeless 5. the 6. was eating 7. to climb 8. at 9. came 10. and
解析:
【分析】
本题为英语短文填空,需结合语境、语法规则及固定搭配完成作答。解题思路如下:1. 数词后接名词复数;2. 情态动词后接动词原形;3. 修饰动词用副词;4. 结合语境判断词义转换;5. 特指前文事物用定冠词;6. when引导的时间状语从句对应过去进行时;7. 固定搭配try one's best to do sth;8. 固定短语at once;9. 全文时态为一般过去时;10. 并列成分用连词连接。
【解析】
1. 数词fourteen后需接可数名词复数,故将house变为houses;
2. had to为情态动词短语,后接动词原形,故填leave;
3. 此处修饰动词hurt,需用副词,bad的副词形式为badly;
4. 语境表示暴风雨后人们无家可归,home转换为形容词homeless;
5. 特指前文提到的那场暴风雨,用定冠词the;
6. when引导的时间状语从句为一般过去时,主句用过去进行时,主语为I,故填was eating;
7. 固定搭配try one's best to do sth,意为“尽力做某事”,故填to climb;
8. 固定短语at once,意为“立刻”,故填at;
9. 全文为一般过去时,come的过去式为came;
10. food、clothes、water为并列名词,用and连接。
【答案】
1. houses 2. leave 3. badly 4. homeless 5. the 6. was eating 7. to climb 8. at 9. came 10. and
【知识点】
名词复数;动词形式;副词用法;固定搭配;时态;冠词
【点评】
本题考查英语基础语法与固定搭配,结合语境即可完成作答,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.6
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