2026年亮点给力提优课时作业本八年级英语上册译林版第121页解析答案

分层设问根据短文内容，完成以下表格(每空一词)。
The Amazon rainforest
| Introduction | The Amazon rainforest is the largest rainforest in the world, which helps keep the

balance

of the earth's ecosystem. |
| --- | --- |
| Species | Plant species
Number: over 40,000 species.
Different levels in the forest:
• the bottom: a system of roots
• the second level: leaf litter
• the third level: shorter plants with large leaves
• the fourth level:

ancient hardwoods
• the top: the tops of the

tallest

trees |
| |

Animal

species
Number: more than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals.
One of the food chains in the forest: leaves and fruit →

insects

→ frogs → jaguars. |
| Importance | • The Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.
• Known as the "lungs" of the planet, the Amazon rainforest

produces

over 20% of all the earth's oxygen. |
1.

balance

tallest

Animal

insects

produces

答案：1. balance 2. tallest 3. Animal 4. insects 5. produces

解析：

【分析】
这是一道根据短文内容完成表格填空的英语题，需结合语境、词汇搭配及生态常识解题。第1空需对应“维持地球生态系统的……”，结合固定搭配确定词义；第2空描述森林顶层的树木，需用合适的形容词；第3空根据下文列举的生物类别判断；第4空依据食物链逻辑推导；第5空结合“地球之肺”的功能确定动词。
【解析】
1. 固定搭配：keep the balance of 意为“维持……的平衡”，符合亚马逊雨林对生态系统的作用，故填balance。
2. 森林顶层是最高树木的顶部，需用形容词最高级tallest，符合语境。
3. 下文列举的鸟类、哺乳动物属于动物类，对应“Animal species（动物物种）”，故填Animal。
4. 食物链逻辑：叶子果实（生产者）→昆虫（初级消费者）→青蛙（次级消费者）→美洲豹，故填insects。
5. 亚马逊雨林作为“地球之肺”，会产生氧气，主语是单数，动词用第三人称单数形式produces。
【答案】
1. balance 2. tallest 3. Animal 4. insects 5. produces
【知识点】
英语词汇运用、阅读理解、生态常识
【点评】
本题结合英语词汇、阅读理解及基础生态知识，考查学生对文章细节和逻辑的理解，难度适中，需掌握固定搭配和食物链常识。
【难度系数】
0.5

三、紧接着John介绍了北极寒冷的气候条件。从方框中选择合适的单词填空，完成他的介绍。
thick, freezing, remind, challenge, conditions, achieved,
succeeded, dangerous, forces, tourists, include, recently
Hi, I'm John. These days I am doing research on the North Pole(北极). When people talk about it, they usually talk about the

freezing

weather. It's really cold there. The North Pole has no land, only the

thick

ice. In winter, temperatures often get as low as -30℃.
People all know

conditions

are very bad in the North Pole. But many people still decide to

challenge

themselves. About 110 years ago, two men, Robert Peary and Matthew Henson

succeeded

in reaching the North Pole on April 6th, 1909. It was really a hard trip for them, but they

achieved

their dream. It showed that sometimes humans are more stronger than the

forces

of nature.
There are few things more

dangerous

than crossing the Arctic(北极) on foot. If people stay there, they may face many problems. They

include

very cold temperatures, sudden storms, and even hunger. So few people can live in such a difficult place. Of course, few

tourists

travel there for their holidays.
1.

freezing

thick

conditions

challenge

succeeded

achieved

forces

dangerous

include

10.

tourists

答案：1. freezing 2. thick 3. conditions 4. challenge 5. succeeded 6. achieved 7. forces 8. dangerous 9. include 10. tourists

解析：

【分析】
解答本题需先明确方框内单词的词义、词性，再结合每个空缺处的上下文语境、语法结构（如词性、时态、固定搭配），逐一匹配合适的单词。先通读全文理解大意，再逐个分析每个空所需的词类，筛选符合语境的单词，同时注意单词的形式变化（如过去式、复数等）。
【解析】
1. 空格修饰名词weather，需形容词，结合“北极寒冷”的语境，选freezing（极冷的）；
2. 空格修饰名词ice，需形容词，北极的冰是厚的，选thick（厚的）；
3. 空格后是be动词are，需名词复数，结合“北极的状况差”，选conditions（条件）；
4. 空格前是decide to，后接动词原形，结合“挑战自我”的语境，选challenge（挑战）；
5. 考查固定搭配succeed in doing sth（成功做某事），时态为过去时，选succeeded；
6. 考查固定搭配achieve one's dream（实现梦想），时态为过去时，选achieved；
7. 结合语境“自然的力量”，选forces（力量）；
8. 空格前是more，需形容词构成比较级，结合“步行穿越北极危险”，选dangerous（危险的）；
9. 空格后列举问题，需动词原形，选include（包含）；
10. 空格前是few，需名词复数，结合“度假”的语境，选tourists（游客）。
【答案】
1. freezing 2. thick 3. conditions 4. challenge 5. succeeded 6. achieved 7. forces 8. dangerous 9. include 10. tourists
【知识点】
词汇运用、形容词用法、动词短语搭配
【点评】
本题为英语选词填空题型，考查学生对词汇词义、词性及语境运用的掌握，需结合上下文逻辑和固定搭配解题，难度适中，适合初中阶段学生巩固词汇知识。
【难度系数】
0.6