四、词汇运用。
主题群:生活与学习 子主题:生活方式 语篇类型:说明文 难度:★★
Eating habits are different in different countries. The 1.
Chinese
(China) have a saying, "Eat good things for breakfast and eat a big meal for lunch, but eat less for dinner." Many people in the USA agree that one 2.
starts
(start) a day with a good breakfast, but 3.
their
(they) ideas about lunch and dinner are different.
Most people in America only 4.
give
(give) themselves a short time to have their lunch, so they have a small lunch. After work, they can have more time 5.
to have
(have) a big dinner. Also having a big dinner at home with all the family is a way 6.
to take
(take) a good rest after a long, hard day of work.
Eating at restaurants 7.
is
(be) also different. In China, you can hear people 8.
talking
(talk) and laughing loudly, and they are just having a good time. In America it is not like this. They 9.
usually
(usual) have a good meal far away from the noisy places. If they make some noise, other people in the restaurants will look at them angrily. Even the managers of the restaurants will ask them 10.
to keep
(keep) quiet.
解析:
【分析】本题为说明文词汇运用题,围绕不同国家的饮食习惯展开,需结合语境、语法规则(词性转换、动词时态、代词用法、固定搭配等)确定每个空的正确形式。解题时先通读全文理解大意,再分析每个句子的结构:如第1空需表示“中国人”,第2空根据主语单三确定动词形式,第3空修饰名词用物主代词,第5、6、10空涉及不定式作定语或宾补,第8空是hear sb doing结构,第9空需副词修饰动词等,逐步推导答案。
【解析】1. 此处指“中国人”,China对应的表示人的名词为Chinese,故填Chinese;2. 主语one是第三人称单数,一般现在时谓语动词用第三人称单数形式,故填starts;3. 修饰名词ideas需用形容词性物主代词,they的形容词性物主代词是their,故填their;4. 主语Most people是复数,一般现在时谓语用原形,故填give;5. 固定搭配have time to do sth(有时间做某事),不定式作后置定语,故填to have;6. 固定搭配a way to do sth(做某事的方法),不定式作后置定语,故填to take;7. 主语为动名词短语Eating at restaurants,谓语用单数,全文为一般现在时,故填is;8. 固定搭配hear sb doing sth(听到某人正在做某事),此处表示听到人们正在说笑,故填talking;9. 修饰动词have需用副词,usual的副词形式是usually,故填usually;10. 固定搭配ask sb to do sth(要求某人做某事),不定式作宾补,故填to keep。
【答案】1. Chinese 2. starts 3. their 4. give 5. to have 6. to take 7. is 8. talking 9. usually 10. to keep
【知识点】词性转换、动词时态、固定搭配
【点评】本题考查基础词汇的变形与运用,涵盖名词、代词、动词、副词等词性,以及常见固定搭配和语法结构,难度适中,需学生掌握扎实的语法知识和词汇基础。
【难度系数】0.6