① Being able to play a musical instrument is, without doubt, useful. You can please guests with a piano piece at a dinner, or make friends by joining a band. Besides, those who play musical instruments have often been found to perform better on cognitive tests(认知测试).
② Some studies compared(比较) the cognitive abilities of musicians and non-musicians. Their findings showed that musical training could bring small but important cognitive advantages. However, these studies had short monitoring periods(监测周期). This made it impossible to find out if these cognitive changes remained throughout a person's lifetime.
③ Judith Okely at Edinburgh University found a way to solve the
problem. In 1947, the Scottish government tested the cognitive ability of almost every 11-year-old child in the country. In 1997, Dr Okely's team contacted 1,091 of those children and tested them once more between 2004 and 2007. The study continues and the participants(参加者) need to take a cognitive test every three years.
④ In 2017, Katie Overy, also at Edinburgh University, asked these participants about their musical experiences over the years. The participants were asked how many instruments they played and what their training was like. They were also asked to record how many years of practice they had had and what performance level they had reached.
A total of 366 participants provided useful information and 117 mentioned that they had some level of experience with musical instruments.
⑤ All in all, the researchers have found that there is a close relationship between the playing of an instrument and a person's change in cognitive ability. Moreover, the longer people practise playing an instrument, the more likely they are to show a positive cognitive change in their lives. The influence is small, but it remains important.
(
D
)37. Which question is not answered in the first two paragraphs?
A. What did those studies find?
B. Whose cognitive abilities were compared?
C. What are the advantages of mastering an instrument?
D. How will people's cognitive ability change over time?
(
B
)38. What does the underlined word "problem" refer to?
A. The studies were made in only one country.
B. The studies were done over a short period of time.
C. The studies didn't have enough adult participants.
D. The studies only included professional(职业的) musicians.
(
D
)39. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?
A. Music can sometimes change the way people see the world.
B. People's cognitive ability is connected with their ages.
C. People's cognitive ability is difficult to change in a short time.
D. More practice in playing an instrument can help improve one's cognition.
(
A
)40. Which is the right structure of the passage?
A. ①/②/③④/⑤
B. ①/②/③④⑤
C. ①②③/④/⑤
D. ①②/③④⑤
第一节 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A-D四个选项中选出最合
