八、书面表达。（共15分）
近年来，我们身边发生了各种灾害。假如你是一名中学生，正参加英语写作大赛，请你根据以下内容写一篇英语短文，介绍在不同的灾害中保护自己的方法，同时提出预防措施。
注意事项：
1. 要点齐全，语句通顺，意思连贯，符合题意；
2. 词数90左右，已给出部分不计入总词数；
3. 文中不得使用真实的个人姓名或学校名称。
Dear teachers and students,
In recent years, natural disasters like floods, earthquakes and fires have happened more often around us.
答案：One possible version:
Dear teachers and students,
In recent years, natural disasters like floods, earthquakesand fires have happened more often around us.
When a flood comes, we should get to high ground as soonas possible. During an earthquake, we can hide under a strongdesk or table to keep safe. If there is a fire, we should use a wettowel to cover our mouth and nose and stay low to the ground.
To prevent future disasters, we can plant more trees toprotect the environment. We should also protect wild animalsand keep our nature clean.
Let's learn to protect ourselves and make our world a saferplace.
解析：
【分析】
拿到这道题首先要明确写作要求：主题是面向师生介绍灾害自救方法、提出防灾倡议，属于实用类的英语短文。第一步先梳理所有给定的必写要点：自救部分的前往高地、使用湿毛巾、躲避在坚固物体下，防灾部分的多种树、保护野生动物。第二步搭建写作逻辑：承接题目给出的开头句，先分洪水、地震、火灾三个常见灾害场景，把对应的自救方法逐一介绍，再自然过渡到预防未来灾害的可行行动，最后加简短的呼吁收尾，保证语句连贯，词数控制在90左右，不出现真实个人、学校信息即可。
【解析】
1. 划分写作模块，把零散的提示内容对应到不同场景，避免逻辑混乱：将get to high ground对应洪水场景，hide under...对应地震场景，use a wet towel对应火灾场景，补充少量合理细节让表达更通顺，比如地震时躲在结实的桌下，火灾时捂口鼻压低身子前行。
2. 用过渡短语衔接自救和防灾两个部分，自然引出多种树、保护野生动物的防灾措施，补充少量相关内容让语义更完整。
3. 最后补充简短的呼吁句，让文章结构完整，通读全文检查要点全覆盖、语法时态正确，词数符合要求，没有出现隐私信息即可。
【答案】
One possible version:
Dear teachers and students,
In recent years, natural disasters like floods, earthquakes and fires have happened more often around us.
When a flood comes, we should get to high ground as soon as possible. During an earthquake, we can hide under a strong desk or table to keep safe. If there is a fire, we should use a wet towel to cover our mouth and nose and stay low to the ground.
To prevent future disasters, we can plant more trees to protect the environment. We should also protect wild animals and keep our nature clean.
Let's learn to protect ourselves and make our world a safer place.
【知识点】
英语短文写作，防灾相关表达，语篇逻辑衔接
【点评】
本题是贴近生活的实用类写作，所有核心要点都给出了明确提示，难度较低，学生只需要将零散的提示内容对应到不同灾害场景，用合适的连接词串联成通顺的句子，使用符合倡议语境的一般现在时，不遗漏要点就可以完成合格的短文，写作过程也能同步巩固防灾安全常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
