五、原典品读 完形填空。
主题群:自然生态 子主题:人与动物 语篇类型:记叙文 难度:★★★
Scott had to leave for his home in San Francisco. He began packing his things. White Fang did not know what was happening, 1 he felt that it was not good. He remembered how Scott had left once before. He had missed Scott badly and had stopped 2 . He knew that Scott was going away. He lifted his 3 and let out a long wolf-howl of sadness.
"He knows you're 4 ," Matt said to Scott. "I know. He knows that when I pack my bags, I'm going away. I'd like to take 5 with me, but I can't. He's still mostly a wolf, and he'll kill any dog he meets in California and then the police will catch and 6 him. I don't want him to die. You look after him for me." " 7 what happened last time?" Matt asked. "He wouldn't eat. He 8 died." "I know. The problem is that he loves me and wants to be with me now."
He bent down and stroked White Fang. The 9 animal that would kill any dog came near him and put his head near Scott's, wagging his tail. "I'm 10 , White Fang," Scott said, "but you can't come with me." He turned to Matt. "We'll have to lock him up until my boat has left."
Scott 11 White Fang in one of the rooms, and then he and Matt went down to the river where a 12 was waiting. Scott got into the boat, and Matt helped 13 his bags. The two men stood talking for a few minutes. Then Scott looked around. White Fang was on the boat, looking at them. " 14 did he get out?" Scott asked. "I locked the door," Matt said. "There's no way he could get 15 ." "Come here," Scott told White Fang. He had to take White Fang to San Francisco.
— Adapted from White Fang
1. A. and
B. or
C. but
D. so
2. A. drinking
B. eating
C. running
D. barking
3. A. ears
B. paws
C. feet
D. head
4. A. leaving
B. arriving
C. smiling
D. crying
5. A. him
B. her
C. you
D. them
6. A. keep
B. sell
C. beat
D. kill
7. A. Think
B. Feel
C. Remember
D. Believe
8. A. never
B. nearly
C. already
D. hardly
9. A. gentle
B. dangerous
C. safe
D. friendly
10. A. angry
B. glad
C. bored
D. sorry
11. A. locked
B. tied
C. threw
D. hid
12. A. train
B. bus
C. bike
D. boat
13. A. pack
B. fill
C. carry
D. cover
14. A. How
B. What
C. Why
D. When
15. A. in
B. off
C. out
D. on
答案：1. C 分析句子可知,空前后两个分句为转折关系,用连词 but。
2. B 根据下文"He wouldn't eat."可知,此处表示 White Fang 停止进食。stop doing sth. 表示"停止做某事"。
3. D 根据下文 let out a long wolf-howl of sadness 可知,White Fang 抬起头,发出狼嚎。
4. A 根据"I know. He knows that when I pack my bags, I'm going away."可知,White Fang 知道当 Scott 收拾行李的时候,他就要走了。此处表示就要离开。
5. A 根据"He's still mostly a wolf, and he'll kill any dog he meets in California"可知,Scott 觉得 White Fang 大部分还是狼,他会杀死在加州遇到的任何狗。所以 Scott 想带他一起走,但却不能带。
6. D 根据"I don't want him to die."可知,此处表示 White Fang 会死掉,所以推测警察会杀了他。
7. C 根据 what happened last time 可知,此处 Matt 问 Scott 是否还记得上次发生的事。
8. B 根据"He wouldn't eat."可知,他不吃东西,所以表示他几乎要死掉了。
9. B 根据 that would kill any dog 可知,White Fang 会杀死任何狗,所以他是危险的动物。
10. D 根据 but you can't come with me 可知,Scott 说 White Fang 不能和他一起去,他对此感到抱歉。
11. A 根据上文 We'll have to lock him up 以及下文 I locked the door 可知,Scott 把 White Fang 锁在一个房间里。
12. D 根据下文 Scott got into the boat 可知,Scott 上了一条船,所以此处表示那里有一艘船在等着。
13. C 根据语境可知,此处表示搬运行李。
14. A 根据"There's no way he could get ..."可知,此处 Scott 在问 White Fang 是如何出来的。
15. C 根据上文"How did he get out?"可知,此处表示 White Fang 从房间出来。
方法归纳
完形填空
完形填空所选短文一般无标题,第一句话往往是引领全文的主题句,是了解文章全貌的"窗口"。做题可遵循以下两个步骤:
- 速读浏览全篇,捕捉文章的中心,能够确定的答案可直接选出;不确定的答案,再仔细阅读一遍文章,根据上下文解决。
- 选好答案后,要结合所选答案将全文逐句阅读一遍,从语法、用词等方面检查全句内容是否正确、是否与全文的意思相符、是否不合理或句意前后矛盾。
解析：
【分析】
这是一篇选自名著《白牙》的记叙文完形填空，核心讲述主人公Scott准备返回旧金山，他的伙伴白牙察觉到离别情绪十分悲伤，最后偷偷逃出房间登上Scott的船的故事。解题时首先要通读全文梳理故事主线，不要急于逐个选空：先理清人物关系和情节走向，之后针对每个空，优先在前后文寻找对应的提示线索，逻辑类题目判断前后分句的关系，名词、动词类题目找后文出现的原词复现或者情节呼应的内容，遇到不确定的空先跳过，等读到后文出现对应提示后再回头补选所有答案，最后把选完的答案代入全文通读，检查逻辑是否通顺、前后有没有矛盾，就能得出全部正确答案。
【解析】
1. 考查连词辨析。空前句意“白牙不知道正在发生什么”，空后句意“他察觉到事情不妙”，前后是转折关系，and表并列，or表选择/否则，so表因果，只有but表转折，选C。
2. 考查动词辨析。根据后文Matt提到的“He wouldn't eat.”的对应提示，可知之前Scott离开的时候白牙非常想念他，甚至停止进食，drink喝、run跑、bark吠叫都不符合后文提示，选B。
3. 考查名词辨析。根据常识，狼发出嚎叫的时候需要抬起头，ears耳朵、paw爪子、feet脚都不符合发出狼嚎的动作逻辑，选D。
4. 考查动词辨析。根据后文Scott说的“He knows that when I pack my bags, I'm going away.”的提示，白牙知道Scott收拾行李就是要离开，arrive到达、smile微笑、cry哭都不符合语境，选A。
5. 考查代词辨析。这里指代前文的白牙（公狼），用指代雄性的him，her指代女性、you你、them他们都不对，选A。
6. 考查动词辨析。根据后文Scott说的“I don't want him to die.”的提示，可知如果白牙在加州咬杀别的狗，警察会抓住他并处死他，keep保留、sell卖、beat打都不符合“不想他死”的对应逻辑，选D。
7. 考查动词辨析。这里Matt是提醒Scott还记得上次发生的事吗，think思考、feel感觉、believe相信都不符合语境，remember记得符合句意，选C。
8. 考查副词辨析。上次白牙绝食，差点就死了，never从不、already已经、hardly几乎不都不符合，nearly几乎、将近符合句意，选B。
9. 考查形容词辨析。根据后文定语从句“that would kill any dog”的提示，说明白牙是会杀死其他狗的危险动物，gentle温和的、safe安全的、friendly友好的都和后文描述矛盾，选B。
10. 考查形容词辨析。Scott告诉白牙不能带他一起走，对此他是感到抱歉的，angry生气的、glad开心的、bored无聊的都不符合语境，选D。
11. 考查动词辨析。根据前文Scott说的“We'll have to lock him up”以及后文Matt说的“I locked the door”的原词复现提示，可知Scott把白牙锁在了房间里，tie系、throw扔、hide藏都不符合，选A。
12. 考查名词辨析。根据后文“Scott got into the boat”的提示，可知河边等待的是船，train火车、bus公交、bike自行车都不符合河边的场景，选D。
13. 考查动词辨析。语境是Matt帮忙搬运行李，pack打包、fill填满、cover覆盖都不符合下船前帮忙搬行李的动作，carry搬运符合，选C。
14. 考查疑问词辨析。两人明明锁了门，白牙却出现在船上，Scott疑惑的是他是怎么出来的，how询问方式，what什么、why为什么、when什么时候都不符合此处询问逃出方式的语境，选A。
15. 考查副词辨析。对应前文Scott的问题“How did he get out?”，Matt表示完全想不通白牙是怎么出来的，get out表示出来，get in进入、get off下车、get on上车都不符合语境，选C。
【答案】
1-5 CBDAA 6-10 DCBBD 11-15 ADCAC
【知识点】
1. 连词词义辨析
2. 语境逻辑推理
3. 动词词义辨析
【点评】
本题选取经典名著《白牙》的片段作为语篇，故事性强，情节连贯，所有题目几乎都能在上下文中找到明确的提示线索，重点考察学生做完形填空时“瞻前顾后”抓取前后呼应信息的能力，避免脱离语境主观臆断答案，做完后代入全文通读校验的习惯也能有效降低出错率。
【难度系数】
0.7
