五、阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:自然生态
子主题:动物科普
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★
Wolves are amazing animals that play a big role in nature. Their 1.
importance
(important) to the environment is huge—they help 2.
(to) keep
(keep) forests healthy by balancing animal populations. These clever creatures use sharp hunting skills to catch their food. They work in teams, chasing their food 3.
like
deer or rabbits. Wolves are most active in the 4.
darkness
(dark) of night, using their excellent hearing and smell to find food. 5.
When
wolves sense danger, they take quick 6.
action
(act) to stay safe. Mothers will do anything 7.
to protect
(protect) their babies, showing strong family bonds. Although wolves don't show feelings like humans, they communicate through howls(嗥叫) and body language. After a hunt, wolves share food and eat together. This helps them get through 8.
the
tough winters. While they spend most of their time caring for 9.
themselves
(they) and their families, they rarely bother humans. By 10.
learning
(learn) about wolves, we understand how all living things are connected.
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇动物科普类的说明文语篇填空题,解题时首先要通读全文,明确文章核心介绍狼的生态作用与生活习性,把握整体语义逻辑。接下来分两类空逐一推导:1. 给出提示词的空,先判断空格所需的词性,结合词性转换规则、固定搭配、非谓语动词等语法规则变形;2. 无提示词的空,结合上下文逻辑判断空格需要的连词、介词、冠词等虚词,确保语义通顺、语法合规。最后代入所有答案通读校验,检查逻辑和语法是否通顺。
【解析】
1. 空处前有形容词性物主代词Their,后面需要接名词作句子主语,形容词important的名词形式是importance,意为“重要性”。
2. 此处考查固定搭配help (to) do sth.,表示“帮助做某事”,因此填(to) keep。
3. 后文的deer or rabbits是对狼捕猎的食物的举例,意为“像鹿、兔子这类的猎物”,因此填介词like。
4. 空处前有定冠词the,后面需要接名词,形容词dark的名词形式是darkness,in the darkness of night表示“在深夜的黑暗中”,符合语境。
5. 此处引导时间状语从句,句意为“当狼察觉到危险时,它们会快速行动保证安全”,表示“当……的时候”用连词When,句首首字母大写。
6. 此处考查固定搭配take action,意为“采取行动”,动词act的名词形式是action。
7. 此处用不定式作目的状语,句意为“母狼会做任何事来保护自己的幼崽”,因此填to protect。
8. 此处特指狼群要度过的那些难熬的寒冬,用定冠词the修饰tough winters,表特指。
9. 句意为“它们大部分时间都在照顾自己和家人”,指代主语they自身,要用反身代词themselves。
10. 空前的By是介词,介词后面要接动名词作宾语,因此动词learn变为learning。
【答案】
1. importance
2. (to) keep
3. like
4. darkness
5. When
6. action
7. to protect
8. the
9. themselves
10. learning
【知识点】
词性转换,非谓语动词,虚词用法
【点评】
本题围绕动物科普主题设题,考点覆盖了语篇填空的绝大多数高频基础考点,既考察了名词、反身代词等词性变形规则,也涉及固定搭配、非谓语、冠词连词介词等虚词用法,整体难度适中,既能帮助学生巩固基础语法知识,也能让学生了解狼相关的生态科普常识。
【难度系数】
0.7