四、阅读短文,在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
主题群:环境保护
子主题:环保意识
语篇类型:说明文
难度:★★★
From November 11 to 22, 2024, the COP29 climate meeting was held 1.
in
Baku, Azerbaijan. During the meeting, countries agreed on new rules for a global carbon market. By 2025, the market had added stricter standards for high-carbon industries like steel and cement, and 2.
included
(include) more developing economies in the trading system.
What are carbon markets? Imagine you and your friends have a limited number of cookies. 3.
If
you eat fewer cookies, you can sell the rest to friends who want more. Carbon markets work 4.
the
same way but with carbon emissions—gases from things like cars and 5.
factories
(factory) that make the earth warmer. The government sets a limit on emissions for businesses. If a business 6.
produces
(produce) less carbon, it can sell its extra allowances to others. If it makes more, it has to buy more allowances.
Carbon markets are expanding(扩大) 7.
quickly
(quick) around the world. China's national carbon market, which began in July 2021, became the 8.
world's
(world) largest by volume in 2025, covering over 45 per cent of the country's emissions each year, according to the Ministry of Ecology and Environment.
However, 9.
creating
(create) an international carbon market is difficult. One main problem is who should cut emissions more. Some argue that rich countries have sent out the most in the past years and should work the 10.
hardest
(hard) now. They may also need to help poorer countries "go green" and deal with extreme weather events caused by global warming.
Another problem is the "free riders"—some countries refuse to cut their emissions and depend on others to do the work instead. In 2025, new penalty(处罚) rules were added to the global carbon market to deal with these countries.