三、根据教材 P108~109 课文内容完成短文。
I love Switzerland—a country with high mountains and clean blue lakes. It's beautiful,and we should keep it that way.
In Switzerland,glass,plastic and paper are 1. s
eparated
into different groups and then 2. r
ecycled
. It has one of the world's highest 3. l
evels
of waste recycling,successfully reusing over half of its 4. t
otal
waste. There's an organization collecting old clothes:some are sold in charity shops,some are given to people in need,and others are sent to 5. f
actories
for recycling. My family often donates our old clothes there.
The government has strict laws to protect forests and 6. c
ontrol
pollution. Those who break the rules will be 7. p
unished
—for example,dropping litter in public leads to being 8. f
ined
.
Nature is our greatest treasure. We depend on its resources to live,so protecting it 9. w
isely
is important. We've started using clean energy like solar and wind power. Tomorrow is World Environment Day. Everyone can do something to make a 10. d
ifference
!
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇围绕瑞士环保主题的首字母短文填空题,解题时首先通读全文,明确文章核心是介绍瑞士的垃圾回收、环保法规等相关环保举措,再结合上下文语境、已学的固定搭配、语法规则,搭配给出的首字母提示逐一推导每个空的正确词汇:先判断每个空所需的词性,再结合语义匹配对应首字母的词汇,同时注意语态、名词单复数、词性转换等细节,最后代入全文通读验证逻辑通顺即可。
【解析】
1. 后文提到"different groups",对应短语separate into(把……分成),本句主语是各类物品,和separate是被动关系,用被动语态结构"are + 过去分词",因此填separated。
2. 结合环保常识,垃圾分类之后会被回收利用,and并列两个被动动作,因此动词recycle变为过去分词recycled。
3. 固定结构"one of + the + 形容词最高级 + 可数名词复数"表示"最……的……之一",此处指垃圾回收的水平,level的复数形式是levels,因此填levels。
4. 此处表示超过一半的全部垃圾,用形容词total(总的)修饰名词waste,因此填total。
5. 结合语境,旧衣物会被送到工厂进行回收处理,此处用可数名词复数表泛指,factory的复数形式是factories,因此填factories。
6. 此处和protect forests并列,指政府立法控制污染,control pollution是固定搭配"控制污染",to后接动词原形,因此填control。
7. 句意:违反规则的人会受到惩罚,主语和punish是被动关系,用被动语态be + 过去分词,因此填punished。
8. 结合常识,公共场合乱扔垃圾会被罚款,fine作动词意为"罚款",此处是被动语态,用过去分词fined。
9. 此处需要副词修饰动词protect,表达"明智地保护(自然)"的含义,因此填副词wisely。
10. 固定搭配make a difference意为"有影响,起作用",符合语境"每个人都能做点事产生影响",因此填difference。
【答案】
1. separated 2. recycled 3. levels 4. total 5. factories 6. control 7. punished 8. fined 9. wisely 10. difference
【知识点】
首字母填空,固定搭配,被动语态
【点评】
本题紧扣教材单元的环保主题,既考查学生对课本核心语篇的熟悉程度,也同步检验了相关核心词汇、词性转换、常见固定搭配的掌握情况,引导学生在语境中理解和运用词汇,难度适中。
【难度系数】
0.7