四、根据短文内容,在文中空白处填入 1 个适当的单词,或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
A hurricane(飓风) is a huge storm that forms over warm ocean water. Hurricanes have winds that move in
1 circle. Hurricane winds are very
2 (power), and they can move at the speed of 120 km/h to over 300 km/h.
The centre of hurricane winds is called the eye. Winds in the eye
3 (be) not very strong. Around the eye is an area called the eye wall. The wall is where winds are the strongest and rain is the heaviest.
Strong winds and heavy rain can do a lot of damage(破坏) when a hurricane
4 (move) over land.
Hurricane winds can be strong enough to break
5 (window) into pieces. The winds can even knock over tall trees, which might fall on buildings or cars. Strong winds can pick up objects and send
6 (they) into the air, causing damage.
Heavy rain from a hurricane can cause floods in areas that are not close
7 a coast. The flood water can be very deep. It sometimes
8 (reach) almost up to the top of houses. Water goes into the houses
9 (quick) and does a lot of damage. Wooden structures(结构) might not be safe after a flood. There is no way to prevent a hurricane,
10 you can get prepared for it.
1.
a
2.
powerful
3.
are
4.
moves
5.
windows
6.
them
7.
to
8.
reaches
9.
quickly
10.
but
解析:
【分析】
做这类语法填空题型时,首先第一步要通读全文,明确短文介绍的是飓风相关科普知识,整体时态为一般现在时,把握整体语境后再逐个分析空格:首先判断每个空格的考点类型,是冠词、词性转换、谓语变形、名词单复数、代词形式、固定搭配还是连词,再结合对应的语法规则和上下文语义推导答案,全部填完后再通读短文验证语句是否通顺、逻辑是否合理。
【解析】
1. 空后circle是可数名词单数,此处表达“风呈圆周运动”,固定搭配in a circle,因此填不定冠词a。
2. 空格位于be动词are之后,需要形容词作表语,power的形容词形式是powerful,表达“风力很强”的含义,因此填powerful。
3. 主语Winds是复数形式,全文为一般现在时,对应的be动词要用复数形式are,因此填are。
4. 主语a hurricane是第三人称单数,一般现在时中谓语动词要遵循主谓一致变形,move变为moves,因此填moves。
5. 此处泛指所有可能被破坏的窗户,要用可数名词window的复数形式windows,因此填windows。
6. 空格位于动词send之后,动词后要用人称代词的宾格形式作宾语,they的宾格是them,因此填them。
7. 固定短语be close to是固定搭配,意为“靠近、接近”,符合“不靠近海岸的区域”的语境,因此填介词to。
8. 主语It是第三人称单数,全文为一般现在时,谓语动词reach要变为第三人称单数形式reaches,因此填reaches。
9. 空格需要修饰动词goes,修饰动词要用副词,quick的副词形式是quickly,因此填quickly。
10. 前半句“没有办法阻止飓风”和后半句“你可以为它做好准备”是转折逻辑关系,因此填并列连词but。
【答案】
1. a 2. powerful 3. are 4. moves 5. windows 6. them 7. to 8. reaches 9. quickly 10. but
【知识点】
词类转换、一般现在时主谓一致、固定搭配
【点评】
本题属于基础类语法填空题,考点覆盖了初中阶段核心的基础语法点,结合科普短文的语境设置题目,既考察学生对基础语法规则的记忆掌握,也考察学生结合上下文语义灵活运用知识点的能力,适合用来巩固基础语法体系。
【难度系数】
0.8