零五网 全部参考答案 通城学典课时作业本答案 2026年通城学典课时作业本八年级英语下册译林版江苏专版 第79页解析答案
五、根据首字母提示补全短文。
The UK is a country with good manners. How can you behave properly as a stranger in the UK? Here is some 1. u
seful
information for you.
British people usually say “hello” or “nice to meet you” and shake your hand when they meet you for the 2. f
irst
time. They only greet relatives or 3. c
lose
friends with a kiss. They like to start a conversation with 4. s
ubjects
like the weather, holidays, music or books. They avoid 5. t
alking
about age, weight or money.
In public, British people always keep their voice down instead of shouting or laughing 6. l
oudly
. If you’re in their way, they’ll say “7. e
xcuse
me” and be polite enough to wait till you move. British people are 8. p
olite
at home too. They say “please” or “thank you” all the time. Instead of saying “no”, they often say “I’m all right, thank you” when they want to 9. r
efuse
something.
Just as the saying goes, “When in Rome, do as the Romans do. ” When we are in a 10. s
trange
place, we should try to understand and respect the local culture.
答案:1. useful
2. first
3. close
4. subjects
5. talking
6. loudly
7. excuse
8. polite
9. refuse
10. strange
解析:
【分析】
做这类首字母提示补全短文的题目,首先要先通读全文,明确本文主题是介绍英国的社交礼仪规范,理清整体行文逻辑。之后逐空结合前后文的句意提示、固定搭配规则、给出的首字母推导对应单词,同时还要注意判断单词的词性、是否需要变形(比如名词单复数、非谓语动词形式等),全部填完后再通读全文校验语义通顺度和拼写正确性即可。
【解析】
1. 空后是名词information,需要填入形容词作定语,句意为“这里有一些对你有用的信息”,结合首字母u,得出useful。
2. 此处是固定搭配for the first time,意为“第一次”,符合句意“英国人第一次和你见面时会问好、握手”,结合首字母f,得出first。
3. 空后是名词friends,需要填入形容词作定语,句意为“他们只会用亲吻问候亲戚或者亲密的朋友”,结合首字母c,得出close。
4. 后文列举的天气、假期、音乐、书籍都是聊天的话题,此处表示多个话题要用复数形式,结合首字母s,得出subjects。
5. 此处是固定搭配avoid doing sth. 意为“避免做某事”,后面搭配about表示“谈论”用talk about,结合首字母t,得出talking。
6. 此处修饰动词laugh,需要填入副词,句意为“不会大喊或者大声笑”,结合首字母l,得出loudly。
7. 此处是日常交际的固定表达excuse me,意为“打扰一下”,是挡路时的礼貌用语,结合首字母e,得出excuse。
8. 根据后文“他们总是说‘请’和‘谢谢’”,可知这里表达英国人在家也很有礼貌,结合首字母p,得出polite。
9. 前文提到他们不会直接说“不”,可知此处是指他们想要拒绝某样东西的时候会委婉表达,want to后接动词原形,结合首字母r,得出refuse。
10. 句意为“当我们在陌生的地方时,要试着理解尊重当地文化”,结合首字母s,得出strange。
【答案】
1. useful
2. first
3. close
4. subjects
5. talking
6. loudly
7. excuse
8. polite
9. refuse
10. strange
【知识点】
首字母补全短文;固定搭配辨析;词性活用
【点评】
本题以英国礼仪文化为载体,考察初中阶段核心常用词汇和常见固定搭配,既需要学生结合上下文语境判断所需单词的含义,也要求学生准确判断词性、正确变换词形,同时也能帮助学生积累跨文化交际的基础常识。
【难度系数】
0.7
六、任务型阅读。
Table manners can be very different in different cultures.
In China, when we invite guests for a meal, it’s polite to wait for the elderly to start eating first. We also use chopsticks gently and try not to make loud noises.
In France, dinner is a special time. People often say “Bon appétit!” to show their wishes for a good meal. Usually, French people taste each dish and enjoy the flavors(味道). And it may take hours for French people to finish a dinner.
In Japan, dining is a quiet and respectful thing. If a conversation is needed, it’s important for people to speak in a low voice. People sit upright and use chopsticks and bowls carefully. It’s polite to say “Itadakimasu” before they start to eat, which means “I humbly receive this meal”.
In the USA, people usually eat simple food such as a sandwich instead of spending a lot of time preparing a big meal. However, it’s still important to be careful with manners and never to eat with your mouth open or elbows(肘) on the table.
In a word, different countries have different dining manners. Understanding them can help us enjoy a nice dining experience abroad.
根据短文内容,回答下列问题。(每题答案不超过 7 个词)
1. What should people in China do to be polite when inviting guests for a meal?
Wait for elders and use chopsticks gently.

2. What do French people often say to wish others a good meal?
"Bon appétit!".

3. How should people speak if they need to have a conversation while dining in Japan?
They should speak in a low voice.

4. What kind of food do people in the USA usually eat?
Simple food like a sandwich.

5. What do you think of understanding different countries’ dining manners?
Useful and important.(言之有理即可)

答案:1. Wait for elders and use chopsticks gently.
2. "Bon appétit!".
3. They should speak in a low voice.
4. Simple food like a sandwich.
5. Useful and important.(言之有理即可)
解析:
【分析】
这是一篇介绍不同国家餐桌礼仪的任务型阅读题,解题思路如下:1. 先通读全文,明确文章分别介绍了中、法、日、美四个国家的餐桌礼仪,最后点明了解不同礼仪的意义;2. 逐个对照题干,定位每个问题对应的段落,从原文中直接抓取匹配的关键信息;3. 严格遵守题干要求,将答案精简到7个词以内,剔除冗余内容;4. 最后一道开放题结合文章主旨,给出符合逻辑的简短回答即可。
【解析】
1. 定位原文第二段关于中国餐桌礼仪的描述,找到礼貌待客的两个要求:等长辈先动筷、轻拿轻放筷子,精简后得到符合词数要求的答案。
2. 定位原文第三段法国部分,直接找到法国人用来祝用餐愉快的常用语即可。
3. 定位原文第四段日本部分,提取用餐时交谈的音量要求的原文核心表述。
4. 定位原文第五段美国部分,提取美国人常吃的食物的核心描述。
5. 结合最后一段提到了解不同餐桌礼仪能帮助我们在国外拥有好的用餐体验,提炼出合理的简短评价即可,言之有理都可得分。
【答案】
1. Wait for elders and use chopsticks gently.
2. "Bon appétit!".
3. They should speak in a low voice.
4. Simple food like a sandwich.
5. Useful and important.(言之有理即可)
【知识点】
1. 阅读细节定位
2. 跨文化餐桌礼仪
3. 简答词数规范
【点评】
本题整体以细节考查为主,绝大多数答案都可以直接从原文中找到对应内容,难度较低,既考察了学生快速定位文本信息、提炼核心内容的能力,也能帮助学生了解不同国家的餐桌文化常识,同时着重提醒学生注意题干给出的答案词数限制,避免出现超词失分的情况。
【难度系数】
0.8
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