三、语法填空。
In China,when you want to travel on a high - speed train,you can now choose a quiet car. The big train company in China has started this on some train lines,including the ones 1.
from
Beijing to Shanghai,Beijing to Guangzhou,and Chengdu to Chongqing.
You can choose a quiet car 2.
when
you buy your train ticket on an app which can offer train tickets. You can ask for a quiet seat in the 3.
second
(two)class(等级). On the app,if a train has a quiet car,you 4.
will find
(find)a “quiet” sign.
After you buy your ticket,you will receive 5.
a
message telling you not to make any noise in the quiet car. You should use headphones when 6.
listening
(listen)to music and go outside the quiet car if you want to talk on the phone. Parents must make sure their 7.
children
(child)behave well so that they won’t cause any trouble for others. The train attendants(列车员)will speak more 8.
softly
(soft). They also know when each person will get off the train and can tell 9.
them
(they)quietly. If you want 10.
to buy
(buy)some food,you can scan(扫描)a special code on the arm of your seat. Follow the steps to order,and the salesperson will bring you the food.
Now,you can enjoy a nice and quiet train trip!
解析:
【分析】
拿到语法填空题目后,首先通读全文,明确本文是介绍中国高铁静音车厢的购票规则与乘车要求的说明文,整体时态以一般现在时、一般将来时为主。接下来逐空推导:
1. 看到空格后是“Beijing to Shanghai”的起止城市结构,直接对应from...to...的固定搭配,确定填from;
2. 空格前后是两个完整句子,逻辑上是“购票时可以选择静音车厢”,缺少引导时间状语从句的连词,对应填when;
3. 空格后是class,要表达“二等座”的含义,需要把基数词two变为序数词second;
4. 本句是if引导的条件状语从句,符合“主将从现”规则,主句要用一般将来时,填will find;
5. 空格后是可数名词message单数,表泛指“一条提示消息”,填不定冠词a;
6. 此处是时间状语从句的省略结构,逻辑主语和listen是主动关系,省略主语和be动词后用现在分词listening;
7. 后面谓语behave是原形,说明主语是复数,child要变为复数形式children;
8. 空格修饰动词speak,修饰动词需要用副词,soft变为副词softly;
9. 空格在动词tell后面作宾语,人称代词要用宾格,they变为them;
10. 对应固定搭配want to do sth.,填to buy。
【解析】
1. 考查固定搭配from...to...,表示“从某地到某地”,此处指代高铁线路的起止站点,故填from。
2. 考查时间状语从句引导词,句意为“当你在可购票的APP上购买火车票时,你可以选择静音车厢”,用when引导时间状语从句,故填when。
3. 考查序数词,second class是固定表达,意为“二等座”,将基数词two变为序数词second,故填second。
4. 考查时态,if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”规则,从句用一般现在时,主句谓语用will+动词原形的一般将来时结构,故填will find。
5. 考查不定冠词,message是可数名词单数,此处泛指“一条提示不要在静音车厢制造噪音的消息”,message以辅音音素开头,故填a。
6. 考查非谓语动词,此处是"when you are listening to music"的省略结构,省略主语和be动词后,用现在分词listening,故填listening。
7. 考查名词复数,句中谓语behave为原形,说明主语是复数,child的复数形式为children,故填children。
8. 考查副词,空格修饰实义动词speak,需要用副词作状语,soft的副词形式是softly,意为“轻柔地”,故填softly。
9. 考查人称代词宾格,空格作动词tell的宾语,要用人称代词宾格形式,they的宾格是them,故填them。
10. 考查固定搭配,want to do sth.是固定用法,意为“想要做某事”,故填to buy。
【答案】
1. from 2. when 3. second 4. will find 5. a 6. listening 7. children 8. softly 9. them 10. to buy
【知识点】
固定搭配,词形转换,状语从句
【点评】
本题选取贴近日常出行的高铁静音车厢作为话题,语境通俗易懂,考点覆盖了初中英语语法填空的全部高频核心考点,既考查学生对基础固定搭配的识记能力,也检验学生对时态、非谓语、代词、冠词等语法规则的灵活运用能力,难度适中,贴合日常教学的考察方向。
【难度系数】
0.7