三、根据首字母提示补全短文。
Oxfam International, usually known as Oxfam, is one of the biggest charities. Oxfam's ideas are simple: everybody in the world must have the right to live, 1. f
ood
to keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care. All these ideas are connected.
Oxfam began its work 2. d
uring
World War Ⅱ. At that time the Greeks didn't have enough to eat because of the war. People in Oxford 3. d
ecided
to give money and food to people in Greece. So the name Oxfam comes from two 4. w
ords
—Oxford and Famine(饥荒).
After the war Oxfam joined other organizations to form Oxfam International. Nowadays this charity helps people in different 5. c
ountries
all over the world.
Oxfam works in two ways. Firstly, it 6. o
ffers
help in emergencies(紧急事件). In 2010 there was a big earthquake in Haiti. Over 200,000 people died and many more 7. l
ost
their homes. Doctors and volunteers provided medical help, gave out food and brought clean water to the villages. The 8. s
econd
way Oxfam works is to help people prevent future disasters. Oxfam has started a project called GROW, which helps farmers produce more and better food.
But how does Oxfam pay for it all? One way to get money is with "ambassadors", famous people who do 9. v
oluntary
work for charities and collect money. Ambassadors have different skills 10. b
ut
the message they send is the same—we should do what we can to help people in need!
解析:
【分析】
做这类首字母提示补全短文的题目,首先第一步要先通读全文,理清文章整体大意:本文是介绍国际乐施会的发展历程、运作方式和筹款途径的说明文。接下来逐空结合上下文语境、前后的并列/逻辑关系,同时结合首字母提示推断合适的单词,最后还要注意检查单词的形式是否符合语法要求,比如名词单复数、动词时态和主谓一致等,避免形式错误丢分。比如第一空,后文并列给出了维持健康生存的几个要素:干净的饮用水、医疗保障,结合首字母f很容易联想到对应的食物,再顺着这个思路逐个推导即可。
【解析】
1. 后文并列出现了"keep them healthy, clean water to drink and medical care",都是保障人类生存健康的必需物资,结合首字母f,填不可数名词food,意为食物。
2. 本句表示乐施会开始运作的时间背景是第二次世界大战期间,首字母d,填介词during,意为在……期间。
3. 结合语境,当时战争中的希腊人缺食物,牛津的民众决定给希腊民众捐赠钱和食物,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,首字母d,填decide的过去式decided。
4. 后文提到乐施会的名字来源于Oxford和Famine两个内容,这是两个单词,前面有数词two,首字母w,填word的复数形式words。
5. 语境表示如今这个慈善机构帮助全世界不同国家的民众,different后接可数名词复数,首字母c,填country的复数形式countries。
6. 本句描述乐施会的常规运作方式,用一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,句意为它在紧急事件中提供帮助,首字母o,填offer的第三人称单数形式offers。
7. 语境是2010年海地大地震,超过20万人丧生,还有更多人失去了家园,动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,首字母l,填lose的过去式lost。
8. 前文已经用Firstly引出第一种运作方式,这里对应介绍第二种方式,首字母s,填序数词second,意为第二的。
9. 语境是这些名人大使为慈善机构做志愿工作募集善款,修饰名词work用形容词,首字母v,填voluntary,意为志愿的。
10. 前文说“大使们拥有不同的技能”,后文说“他们传递的信息是相同的”,前后是转折逻辑,首字母b,填转折连词but。
【答案】
1. food 2. during 3. decided 4. words 5. countries 6. offers 7. lost 8. second 9. voluntary 10. but
【知识点】
首字母补全短文,动词时态,名词单复数
【点评】
本题选取介绍国际慈善组织的科普类短文,话题贴近初中英语教材常见的慈善主题,考查学生结合上下文语境推断词汇的能力,同时兼顾了对基础语法(时态、名词复数、词性修饰)的考察,解题时切忌脱离上下文孤立猜词,多关注前后文的并列、转折、对应逻辑关系,就能大幅提升正确率。
【难度系数】
0.6