2026年亮点给力提优课时作业本九年级英语下册译林版第53页解析答案

四、(2024·盐城市鹿鸣路初中阶段练习)完形填空。
新素材科普知识 If you have an interest in space, you must have heard of the Hubble Space Telescope, which was sent into space in 1990. During the thirty years, it helped

scientists

gain a deeper understanding of outer space. After the HST

completed

its job, the new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) took its place and continued working for people.
Just like the HST, the JWST was named after a(n)

person

. But there was a difference. Edwin Hubble was a widely-respected space scientist,

while

James Webb was neither a scientist nor an engineer. Then

why

did people name the telescope after him? To answer the question, we need to go back to 1961. The American president chose James Webb to

lead

NASA. James Webb wasn't willing to take the job, since he almost knew

nothing

about science and technology. But the president insisted that someone who was good at

managing

should be the leader.
Through James Webb's efforts, NASA indeed

made progress

. It developed spacecraft to explore the Moon and sent probes (探测器) to planets like Mars and Venus. But the organization still

failed

several times. One of the worst accidents happened in 1967. Three astronauts died during a spacecraft's test before its

flight

. After that, the organization checked every detail

carefully

and solved all the problems that had caused the accident. He did his best to get NASA back on its feet. All of his work made NASA's

future

success possible. In July 1969, nine months after James Webb retired from NASA, the spacecraft Apollo-11's astronaut Neil Armstrong was

successful

in setting foot on the Moon.
James Webb played a (n)

important

role in taking people into space. That's why NASA decided to remember the man by naming the new space telescope after him.
1. A. inventors
B. scientists
C. musicians
D. dentists
2. A. kept
B. knew
C. found
D. completed
3. A. event
B. place
C. person
D. animal
4. A. while
B. unless
C. since
D. though
5. A. how
B. why
C. when
D. where
6. A. visit
B. lead
C. gain
D. treat
7. A. nothing
B. anything
C. something
D. everything
8. A. managing
B. researching
C. viewing
D. recycling
9. A. showed off
B. broke down
C. fell behind
D. made progress
10. A. won
B. reviewed
C. failed
D. trained
11. A. design
B. production
C. flight
D. invention
12. A. luckily
B. happily
C. suddenly
D. carefully
13. A. future
B. past
C. public
D. natural
14. A. active
B. successful
C. weak
D. busy
15. A. common
B. pleasant
C. important
D. traditional

答案：1. B
2. D 【解析】根据空后的“the new James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) took its place and continued working for people”可知，在哈勃空间望远镜完成（completed）它的任务后，新的詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜接替它继续为人们工作。
3. C 【解析】根据下文内容尤其是最后一段中“That's why NASA decided to remember the man by naming the new space telescope after him.”可知，詹姆斯·韦布空间望远镜也是以人的名字命名的。
4. A
5. B
6. B 【解析】根据下文中“But the president insisted that someone who was good at 8 should be the leader.”可知，美国总统任命 James Webb 领导（lead）NASA。
7. A 【解析】根据前半句“James Webb wasn't willing to take the job”可知，James Webb 不愿意接手 NASA，因为他对科学和技术几乎一无所知。nothing 意为“没有什么”，符合语境。
8. A
9. D 【解析】根据后句“It developed spacecraft to explore the Moon and sent probes to planets like Mars and Venus.”可知，在 James Webb 的领导下，NASA 确实取得了进步。make progress 意为“取得进步”，符合语境。
10. C 【解析】根据转折连词“But”并结合后句“One of the worst accidents happened in 1967.”可知，NASA 在取得进步的同时也失败了（failed）很多次。
11. C
12. D 【解析】根据上文内容并结合空后的“solved all the problems”可知，在那次事故之后，NASA 仔细（carefully）检查每个细节，解决了引起事故的所有问题。
13. A
14. B 【解析】根据上文中“He did his best...success possible.”可知，James Webb 退休 9 个月后，阿波罗 11 号飞船的宇航员成功登月。固定搭配 be successful in doing sth 意为“成功做某事”，符合语境。
15. C

解析：

翻译:
四、（2024·盐城市鹿鸣路初中阶段练习）完形填空。
新素材科普知识如果你对太空感兴趣，你一定听说过哈勃空间望远镜，它于1990年被送入太空。在这三十年里，它帮助科学家们对太空有了更深入的了解。哈勃空间望远镜完成它的任务后，新的詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜（JWST）接替了它的位置，继续为人们工作。
和哈勃空间望远镜一样，詹姆斯·韦伯空间望远镜也是以一个人命名的。但有一个不同之处。埃德温·哈勃是一位广受尊敬的太空科学家，而詹姆斯·韦伯既不是科学家也不是工程师。那么人们为什么以他的名字命名这架望远镜呢？要回答这个问题，我们需要回到1961年。美国总统选择詹姆斯·韦伯领导美国国家航空航天局（NASA）。詹姆斯·韦伯不愿意接受这份工作，因为他对科学技术几乎一无所知。但总统坚持认为，应该由一个擅长管理的人来担任领导。
通过詹姆斯·韦伯的努力，美国国家航空航天局确实取得了进展。它研制了航天器以探索月球，并向火星和金星等行星发射了探测器。但该组织仍然失败了几次。最严重的事故之一发生在1967年。三名宇航员在一艘航天器飞行前的测试中死亡。在那之后，该组织仔细检查了每一个细节，解决了所有导致事故的问题。他尽了最大的努力让美国国家航空航天局重新振作起来。他所有的工作都使美国国家航空航天局未来的成功成为可能。1969年7月，在詹姆斯·韦伯从美国国家航空航天局退休九个月后，“阿波罗11号”航天器的宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗成功踏上了月球。
詹姆斯·韦伯在将人类送入太空方面发挥了重要作用。这就是美国国家航空航天局决定以他的名字命名这架新的太空望远镜来纪念他的原因。
1. A. 发明家；B. 科学家；C. 音乐家；D. 牙医
2. A. 保持；B. 知道；C. 发现；D. 完成
3. A. 事件；B. 地方；C. 人；D. 动物
4. A. 而；B. 除非；C. 因为；D. 尽管
5. A. 如何；B. 为什么；C. 什么时候；D. 哪里
6. A. 参观；B. 领导；C. 获得；D. 对待
7. A. 没有什么；B. 任何事物；C. 某事；D. 一切
8. A. 管理；B. 研究；C. 观看；D. 回收利用
9. A. 炫耀；B. 出故障；C. 落后；D. 取得进展
10. A. 获胜；B. 复习；C. 失败；D. 训练
11. A. 设计；B. 生产；C. 飞行；D. 发明
12. A. 幸运地；B. 高兴地；C. 突然地；D. 仔细地
13. A. 未来；B. 过去；C. 公众；D. 自然的
14. A. 活跃的；B. 成功的；C. 虚弱的；D. 忙碌的
15. A. 普通的；B. 令人愉快的；C. 重要的；D. 传统的