第93页

信息发布者:
(1)证明:$\because C$是$\overset{\frown}{BD}$的中点,$\therefore \overset{\frown}{CD}=\overset{\frown}{BC}。$
$\because AB$是$\odot O$的直径,且$CF⊥ AB,$$\therefore \overset{\frown}{BC}=\overset{\frown}{BF},$
$\therefore \overset{\frown}{CD}=\overset{\frown}{BF},$$\therefore CD=BF。$
$\because \overset{\frown}{BC}=\overset{\frown}{BC},$$\therefore ∠ BFG=∠ CDG。$
在$△ BFG$和$△ CDG$中,
$\begin{cases} ∠ FGB=∠ DGC,\\ ∠ BFG=∠ CDG,\\ BF=CD, \end{cases}$
$\therefore △ BFG≌△ CDG(\mathrm{AAS})。$
(2)解:连接OF,设$\odot O$的半径为r。
$\because AB$是$\odot O$的直径,$\therefore ∠ ADB=90°,$
$\therefore$ 在$\mathrm{Rt}△ ADB$中,$BD^2=AB^2-AD^2,$即$BD^2=(2r)^2-2^2。$
$\because CF⊥ AB,$$\therefore CF=2EF。$
在$\mathrm{Rt}△ OEF$中,$OF^2=OE^2+EF^2,$即$EF^2=r^2-(r-2)^2。$
$\because \overset{\frown}{CD}=\overset{\frown}{BC}=\overset{\frown}{BF},$$\therefore \overset{\frown}{BD}=\overset{\frown}{CF},$$\therefore BD=CF,$
$\therefore BD^2=CF^2=(2EF)^2=4EF^2,$即$(2r)^2-2^2=4[r^2-(r-2)^2],$
解得$r_1=1$(不合题意,舍去),$r_2=3。$
$\therefore$ 在$\mathrm{Rt}△ EFB$中,$BF^2=EF^2+BE^2=3^2-(3-2)^2+2^2=12,$
$\therefore BF=2\sqrt{3}。$

B
点P在$\odot O$外
$135°$
(1)证明:$\because AD⊥ OB$于点D,$\therefore ∠ ADB=90°。$
$\because AC$是$∠ BAD$的平分线,$\therefore ∠ DAC=∠ BAC。$
$\because OA=OC,$$\therefore ∠ OAC=∠ OCA。$
$\because ∠ OAC=∠ OAD+∠ DAC=∠ OAD+∠ BAC,$
$∠ OCA=∠ B+∠ BAC,$
$\therefore ∠ OAD=∠ B,$
$\therefore ∠ OAB=∠ OAD+∠ BAD=∠ B+∠ BAD=180°-90°=90°,$
即$AB⊥ OA。$
$\because OA$是$\odot O$的半径,$\therefore AB$为$\odot O$的切线。
(2)解:$\because ∠ OAB=90°,$$∠ AOB=45°,$$\therefore ∠ B=∠ AOB=45°,$
$\therefore AB=OA。$
$\because \odot O$的半径为2,$\therefore AB=OA=OC=2,$
$\therefore$ 在$\mathrm{Rt}△ OAB$中,$OB=\sqrt{AB^2+OA^2}=2\sqrt{2},$
$\therefore CB=OB-OC=2\sqrt{2}-2,$即$CB$的长是$2\sqrt{2}-2。$