第81页

信息发布者:
B
电路中电流$I=0.2\ \text{A},$$R_{2}=\frac{U_{2}}{I}=\frac{4\ \text{V}}{0.2\ \text{A}}=20\ \Omega,$电源电压$U=I(R_{1}+R_{2})=0.2\ \text{A}\times(R_{1}+20\ \Omega)=6\ \text{V},$解得$R_{1}=10\ \Omega。$
并联电路电压相等,$U=4.5\ \text{V},$通过$R_{1}$的电流$I_{1}=\frac{U}{R_{1}}=\frac{4.5\ \text{V}}{45\ \Omega}=0.1\ \text{A},$通过$R_{2}$的电流$I_{2}=0.3\ \text{A}-0.1\ \text{A}=0.2\ \text{A},$$R_{2}=\frac{U}{I_{2}}=\frac{4.5\ \text{V}}{0.2\ \text{A}}=22.5\ \Omega。$
(1)闭合S,断开$S_{1}$、$S_{2}$时,$R_{1}$与$R_{2}$串联,$U=I(R_{1}+R_{2})=0.2\ \text{A}\times(5\ \Omega+15\ \Omega)=4\ \text{V};$
(2)闭合S、$S_{1}$、$S_{2}$时,$R_{2}$被短路,$R_{1}$与$R_{3}$并联,$I_{1}=\frac{U}{R_{1}}=\frac{4\ \text{V}}{5\ \Omega}=0.8\ \text{A},$$I_{3}=0.9\ \text{A}-0.8\ \text{A}=0.1\ \text{A},$$R_{3}=\frac{U}{I_{3}}=\frac{4\ \text{V}}{0.1\ \text{A}}=40\ \Omega。$